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EFFECTS OF CULTIVAR AND AGAR CONCENTRATION ON IN VITRO SHOOT ORGANOGENESIS AND HYPERHYDRICITY IN SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

MOHAMMAD ABDOLI*, AHMAD MOIENI AND HAMID DEHGHANI

Abstract: This study was aimed a improves in vitro shoot regeneration efficiency without inducing hyperhydricity in sunflower Helianthus annuus L. Cotyledons of sunflower were regenerated on Murashige & Skoog medium (MS) containing 4.4 M of BAP, 5.4 M of NAA and various concentration of agar-agar. The experimental design was factorial on the basis of randomized complete blocks design with two cultivars and three agar concentrations and three replications. Each replication consisted of 10 plastic Petri dishes with four explants. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference among cultivars and agar concentrations for percentage of explants forming shoots, the average number of shoots per explant plated, the average number of shoots per regenerant explant and the percentage of hyperhydrated shoots. Increasing the agar concentration affected various organogenesis parameters. The cultivar × agar concentration interaction was significant for all traits 'Gabor' × 0.6% agar interaction showed the highest value for average number of shoots per explant plated and average number of shoots per regenerant explant (7.1 and 19.3, respectively). Increasing the agar concentration from 0.4 to 0.8% in cv. 'Progres' reduced the number of hyperhydrated shoots from 54.7 to 3%. The addition of agar concentration showed to be useful in improving the quality of sunflower regenerated shoots by reducing hyperhydricity.
 

Department of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran.
* Institute of Medicinal Plants, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran P.O. Box: 13145-1446