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EFFECT OF WATER STRESS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF SEMI-DWARF BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM, L.)

MAHBOOB ALI SIAL, M. U. DAHOT¹, M. A. ARAIN, GHULAM SARWAR MARKHAND², S.M. MANGRIO³, MAZHAR H. NAQVI, KHALIL A LAGHARI AND AMEER AHMED MIRBAHAR⁴

Abstract: Twenty-one drought-tolerant genotypes of wheat developed through hybridization and mutation breeding were evaluated along with four drought-tolerant check varieties viz., Chakwal-86, Margalla-99, Thori (awnless) and Sarsabz under water stress conditions. Four experiments having 4 different irrigation treatments viz., single, two, three and four were conducted at NIA, Tando Jam. Observations on morphological (plant height, 1000-grain weight, grain yield), phenological (days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling period) and meteorological parameters were recorded. Genotype NIA-8/7 produced significantly the highest 1000-grain weight (37.9, 41.7, 42.0, 45.5g) at single, two, three and four irrigations respectively than other genotypes including check varieties; hence more tolerant to water stress conditions. Ten genotypes viz., BWM-3, NIA-8/7, 25/1, MSH-14, MSH-17, MSH-36, BWS-77, BWS-78, BWM-47 and Khirman produced higher grain yield (>3500 kg/ha) with two irrigations; indicated tolerance to water stress environments.

Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tando Jam 70060, Sindh, Pakistan

¹Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (IBGE), University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

²Date Palm Research Institute Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan

³Institute of Botany, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

⁴Plant Tissue Culture & Biotechnology Section, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Pakistan

E-mail: niatjam@hyd.paknet.com.pk