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CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF OPEN POLLINATED AND HYBIRD POPULLATION OF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)

MOHAMMAD NISAR¹, SHAH HUSSAIN¹, NAUSHEEN¹,  NASRULLAH KHAN^2* AND MUHAMMAD FAHEEM SIDDIQUI²

Abstract: Sunflower is the world fourth most important sources of edible oil. A lot of work has been done for varietals improvement through conventional breeding in Pakistan. Sunflower is the cash crop and is easily adapted to many region of Pakistan, genetic and agronomical improvement was needed so that economically valuable crop could be harvested. In the present work, 16 cultivars (open pollinated population “OPP” and hybrid population “HP” eight each) of sunflower was evaluated. The study was aimed at evaluating the mineral composition, estimation of moisture contents, measuring electrical conductivity and 100 seeds weight. The mineral composition was fractionated though Atomic Absorption Spectrometer, which indicate that Zn⁺² was 8.54 and 9.35%; Cu⁺² 0.5 and 0.02%; Mn⁺² 3.48 and 9.72%; Co⁺² 18.67 and 16.81%; Mg⁺² 68.27 and 83.53%; Fe⁺³ 4.32 and 4.35% were estimated in HP and OPP respectively.  Similarly, moisture contents 6.26 and 6.78%, and 1000-seeds weight 510.8 and 598g were calculated in the HP and OPP respectively. In comparative picture the mineral concentration, moisture contents and 100 seeds weight in open pollinated population were high as compared to hybrid.  A total of 11.7 % genetic diversity was observed in mineral composition of both the populations. The EC was high in HP ranging from 70. 85–137.8, while comparatively low in OPP ranged 46.81 – 120.18.

¹Department of Biotechnology/ Botany, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

²Department of Botany Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology, Karachi Pakistan.