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USE OF LOW QUALITY
GROUNDWATER FOR RECLAMATION OF SALINE-SODIC SOIL BY GROWING RICE AND
WHEAT CROPS
M.J. QAMAR*, A. GHAFOOR, G. MURTAZA, SAIFULLAH AND
M.Z. REHMAN
Abstract:
A field experiment was
conducted at Qaim Bharwana, district Jhang, Pakistan on a saline-sodic
soil (ECe = 12.7-20.1 dS m-1, pHs =
10.3-10.4, SAR = 157.0-273.9 at 0-15 cm soil depth and ECe =
5.4-12.1 dS m-1, pHs = 9.5-10.0, SAR = 70.1-171.4
at 15-30 cm soil depth) following rice-wheat rotation using tube well
water (EC = 1.32 dS m-1, SAR = 4.8, RSC = Nil, Ca:Mg = 0.74)
for irrigation. The treatments tested were: TW) Tube well water alone,
FYM-20) FYM @ 20 Mg ha-1, Gyp-100) gypsum @ 100% soil gypsum
requirement (SGR) and FYM+Gyp) FYM @ 10 Mg ha-1 + gypsum @
50% SGR. After rice 2005 harvest, soil analysis showed that pHs
for both the soil depths decreased non-significantly, per cent decrease
over initial being maximum with Gyp-100 followed by FYM+Gyp, TW and
FYM-20 at 0-15 cm, while treatment effectiveness order for pH (per cent)
decrease was FYM+Gyp>TW>FYM-20 at 15-30 cm soil depth but slightly
increased with Gyp-100. The ECe decreased non-significantly
with treatments, per cent decrease over initial being maximum with
FYM+Gyp followed by Gyp-100, FYM-20 and TW at 0-15 cm. Decrease in pHs
was significant at 15-30 cm soil depth and the treatment order was
FYM+Gyp>TW>Gyp-100>FYM-20. Treatments differed non-significantly to
lower SAR for both the soil depths, per cent decrease being maximum with
FYM+Gyp followed by Gyp-100, FYM-20 and TW at 0-15 cm, while the order
was FYM+Gyp>Gyp-100>FYM-20>TW at 15-30 cm soil depth. Soil analysis
after harvest of wheat 2005-06 depicted a decrease in pHs
with all the treatments, order being Gyp-100>FYM+Gyp>FYM-20>TW
at 0-15 cm soil depth. At 15-30 cm depth, the treatment order to
decrease pHs was Gyp-100>FYM+Gyp>TW>FYM-20. Maximum decrease
in ECe was observed with FYM+Gyp followed by TW,
FYM-20 and Gyp-100 at both the 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm soil
depths. Maximum reduction in soil SAR was observed with FYM+Gyp followed
by Gyp-100, FYM-20 and TW at both the soil depths. The paddy
yield of rice 2005 was maximum with FYM+Gyp followed by Gyp-100, FYM-20
and TW. The highest grain yield of wheat during 2005-06 was obtained
with FYM+Gyp followed by FYM-20, Gyp-100 and TW. Maximum net profit was
obtained with FYM+Gyp followed by FYM-20, Gyp-100 and TW.
Institute of Soil and
Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Corresponding author E-mail:
gmurtazauaf@gmail.com
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