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Pak. J. Bot., 48(1): 399-413, 2016.

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ANTI-RHEUMATIC POTENTIAL OF PAKISTANI MEDICINAL PLANTS: A REVIEW

MUSTAFA KAMAL¹, MUHAMMAD ADNAN^1*, WAHEED MURAD¹, HAMEEDA BIBI²,  AKASH TARIQ¹, HAZIR RAHMAN³ AND ZABTA KHAN SHINWARI⁴

Abstract: Present review aimed to provide a comprehensive documentation of plants used as anti-rheumatic ethnomedicines in Pakistan and to suggest future recommendations. Data on anti-rheumatic plants was collected from published scientific papers, reports and thesis using online searching engines such as Google Scholar PubMed and Science Direct. Five distinct zones in the country were classified on the basis of geography, humidity and rainfall. We used Sorenson similarity index for plants and their parts used between different zones. A total of 137 anti-rheumatic plant species representing 55 families and 104 genera are used in Pakistan. Herbs (87 plants) were the primary source of anti-rheumatic medicinal plants, while leaves (22 % plant species) were the most frequently used part in the preparation of ethnomedicinal recipes. Highest number of 52 medicinal plant species were found in Zone A having high mountains and cold climate where the prevalence of rheumatism was more common. Solanum surattense was found with highest conservation concerns as it was using in 13 different areas against rheumatism. Results of Sorenson index revealed that there is a similarity of plants and its parts uses between different zones. In conclusions, geography and climate have an important role in causing rheumatic disease. Pakistan has a number of anti-rheumatic plants that are used by the local populations through their traditional knowledge. Moreover, inter zonal similarities among plants and its part uses indicate higher pharmacological potency of these medicinal plants. Further, the review will also provide an insight regarding the conservation status of reported plants.

Key words: Geography, climate, joint pains, ethnomedicines, similarity index

¹Department of Botany, Kohat University of Science and Technology, 26000 Kohat, Pakistan

²Department of Botany, Hazara University, 21300 Mansehra, Pakistan

³Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, 26000 Kohat, Pakistan

 ⁴Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, 44000 Islamabad, Pakistan

^*Corresponding author: ghurzang@hotmail.com; Ph: +92-333-9056624; Fax; +92-0922-554556