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Pak. J. Bot., 47(6): 2207-2214, 2015.

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GROWTH AND PHENOLOGY OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (HELIANTHUS TUBEROSUS L.)

DARUNEE PAUNGBUT¹, SANUN JOGLOY^1,2*, NIMITR VORASOOT¹ AND ARAN PATANOTHAI¹

¹Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand

² Peanut and Jerusalem artichoke Improvement for Functional Food Research Group, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 4002, Thailand

^*Corresponding author e-mail: sjogloy@gmail.com

Abstract: A standardized, accurate, and easy system is needed to describe Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) plant development. Therefore, this study was designed to define stages of development descriptions for Jerusalem artichoke. Field experiments were conducted during early rainy season and the post rainy season of 2011 and 2012. Data were collected and uniform growth stage descriptions, based on visually observable events, were developed for the vegetative (V), reproductive (R) and tuberization (T) stages. The V stage was determined by counting the number of developed nodes on the main axis of the Jerusalem artichoke, beginning with emergence of the sprout seedling and ending with the initial visual appearance of the inflorescence. The proposed R stages include R1 (Floral bud formation), R2 (beginning bloom), R3 (flowering), R4 (beginning of anthesis), R5 (seed set) and R6 (seed maturity). The T stage include T1 (stolonization), T2 (tuber initiation), T3 (tuber formation), T4 (tuber bulking), T5 (skin set) and T6 (tuber maturity). The V, R and T stages can be measured separately and concurrently and apply to populations or single plants. The present study revealed that reproductive and tuberization development occurred more rapidly in the post-rainy season than in the early-rainy season. The proposed standard descriptions of Jerusalem artichoke development will help research and extension personnel better communicate results and recommendations related to this crop. 

Key words: Sunchoke, Vegetative stage, Reproductive stage, Tuberization stage.