PJB-2020-311
Study of Impacts of BrickKilns’ Fallouts on Soil, Water and Plants Yield Quality from District Bhimber AJK, Pakistan
Dr M ishtiaq
Abstract
The current study was conducted to explore effects of brick kilns’ emissions on soil, water sources and wild plants occurring in vicinity of brick kiln in District Bhimber of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. In the study, physiochemical properties of soil, water and heavy metals (Cr. and Pb) conc. were determined. Leaves of two plants (Acacia nilotica and Bombax cieba) samples were explored for determination of hazardous effects of fallout of brick kiln on primary phytoconstituents. All samples were collected and analyzed in triplicate for authentication of results. Soil organic matter (SOM) ranged from 0.35-0.90% and Organic Carbon Content (OCC) values ranged from 0.65-1.40%. The pH of soil is indicator of plant growth in agriculture land and pH of soil samples ranged from 5.55 to 7.55. WHC of the all samples ranged from 2.10 to 3.20 mgL-1. The fertility of soil was determined by calculating the amount of sulphates and nitrates in the soil. The conc. of sulphate compounds ranged from 1.55 to 3.75 mol. L-1 and conc. of nitrates ranged between 2.10 to 11.50 mol. L-1. The heavy metals of chromium (Cr.) and lead (Pb.) ranged from 8.00 to 14.75mg Kg-1 and 6.25 to 14.26mg Kg-1, respectively. In water analysis, transparency, occurrence of microbes, pH, suspension and TDS was calculated. The TDS values ranged from 485 to 840mgL-1. Three primary metabolites of two plants was determined. The quantity of carbohydrates in Acacia nilotica ranged between 67.90 to 82.15mg% and Bombax cieba had 69.80 to 89.55mg%. A decrease in conc. of proteins and lipids was determined due to increased conc. SO2 and ultimately deterioration of photosynthesis. The analysis confirms that presence of brick kilns in agriculture area cause damage to soils, water, air and wild plants ultimately making injurious for human life. Secondly, plant growth is impeded and yield is hampered indirectly causing food security issue for human being that is currently key plethora of world. Applied and smart measures should be taken for lessening the pollutants from these brick kilns for safe and secure food provision for humanity.
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