PJB-2022-96
VOLATILE OIL YIELD AND COMPOSITION, TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND SECONDARY METABOLITE CONTENT OF COLLECTED THYMUS PRAECOX SPECIES IN RIZE
Emine Yurteri
Abstract
In this study, the volatile oil content, volatile oil (VO) composition, phenolic contents, antioxidant activities and secondary metabolite contnet of 11 Thymus praecox subspecies were evaluated. The volatile oil ratios varied between 0.3-1.6 % in flora collected samples and 0.4-2.32 % in the cultivated samples. The major compounds detected in the volatile oils using GC-MS were carvacrol (5.9-45.42 %), thymol (7.75-48.49 %), α-Terpinyl acetate (2.64-24.65 %), Linalool (1.59-15.97), carvone (0.00-12.47 %), linalyl acetate (0.00-12.98 %), γ-Terpinene (0.38-9.49 %), Isoborneol (0.14-9.22 %), α-Himachalene (1.22-8.48 %), menthone (0.42-6.27 %), (Z)-Jasmone (0.78-5.95 %) and trans-Sabinene hydrate (0.3-2.77 %). The most detected chemical class are oxygenated monoterpenes (55.18 – 86.1 %) in investigated samples. PCA results revealed that the first two components explained 52.42 % of the total variation, presenting 5 groups. Thymus praecox species collected from Rize flora and cultivated afterwards were successfully distinguished by their volatile oils. Regarding Total Phenolic Content (TPC) TP 10 showed the highest (158.47067 GAE/g DW) TPC value in Field samples, TP4 recorded the lowest (140.6490 GAE/g DW). In Flora collected samples highest TPC was detected in TP 6 (164.48733 GAE/g DW) and lowest TPC was determined in TP 10 (138.29833 GAE/g DW). The highest antioxidant capacity values were calculated for TP6 (1275.9342 mg FeSO4/g DW) and lowest for TP 1 (1137.8581 mg FeSO4/g DW) in field samples. If we look at flora samples, highest antioxidant activity was obtained in TP7 (1216.1457 mg FeSO4/g), whereas lowest antioxidant activity was determined in TP 9 (983.3810 mg FeSO4/g DW.). Rosmarinic acid, İsoquercetin, Gallocatechine and Thymol could be detected in high amounts in investigated samples. The results demonstrated that T. praecox collected from the Rize flora and cultivated afterwards showed variability based on investigated characteristics. Finally, the Thymus praecox samples displaying high bioactive compounds may be recommended for further investigations and applications.
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