PJB-2022-139
GENETIC PERFORMANCE OF CIMMYT WHEAT LINES AND TRAITS CORRELATION UNDER IRRIGATED AND RAINFED CONDITIONS
Muhammad Yousaf Afridi
Abstract
Identifying high yielding genotypes across environments is one of the main objectives of wheat breeding programs. Present research was conducted to evaluate the genetic performance of 18 advance CIMMYT wheat lines with two check cultivars under irrigated and rainfed conditions using randomized complete block design at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during Rabi season 2020-21. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all the studied parameters. Differences among environments and genotype by environment interaction were also significant for all the traits except harvest index having non-significant differences in environments and days to heading with non-significant G × E interaction. The best performing genotype under irrigated condition for yield related traits was G39 for spikes m-2 (360.5), G74 for spike length (11.1 cm), G99 for spikelets spike-1 (19.9), G74 for grains spike-1 (56.2), G39 for 1000-grain weight (56.6 g). Under rainfed condition the best performing genotype was G35 for spikes m-2 (291.1), PS15 for spike length (10.5 cm), G99 for spikelets spike-1 (18.5), G56 grains spike-1 (50.1), G39 for 1000-grain weight (54.3 g). High heritability and expected genetic advance under irrigated condition were observed for days to heading, flag leaf area, plant height, spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, 1000-grain weight and grain yield, while moderate heritability was recorded for maturity, spikes m-2, spike length, biological yield and harvest index. Under rainfed environment high heritability was reported for all traits except spikes m-2, spikelets spike-1, 1000-grain weight and harvest index which showed moderate heritability. Under irrigated condition grain yield was positive and significantly correlated both at genotypic and phenotypic level with spikes m-2 (rg = 0.80**, rp = 0.70**), spikelets spike-1 (rg = 0.49*, rp = 0.45*), grains spike-1 (rg = 0.44*), 1000-grain weight (rg = 0.71**, rp = 0.64**) and biological yield (rg = 0.72**, rp = 0.60**). Similarly, under rainfed environment grain yield had significantly and positive genotypic and phenotypic correlation with spikes m-2 (rg = 0.63**, rp = 0.52*) spikelet spike-1 (rg = 0.76**, rp = 0.55**) 1000-grain weight (rg = 0.71**, rp = 0.57**) and biological yield (rg = 0.61**, rp = 0.48*). These correlated parameters could be used as indirect selection criteria for improving grain yield. The potential lines under irrigated condition observed were G39, G88 and G73, while under rainfed condition potential genotypes were G39, G108 and G56. Thus, these genotypes could be used in further breeding programs.
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