PJB-2022-307
POSSIBLE SEED GERMINATION RATE, GROWTH OF SEEDLINGS AND ANTIOXIDANT RESPONSES IN RICE SOWN UNDER SALINE (SODIUM CHLORIDE) OXIDATIVE STRESSES
IKRAM-UL HAQ
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most destructive abiotic plant factors. Saline soils are slowing the seed germination process or may even loss its viability, while germination rate has been the key factor of high crop yields. In this study, morpho-biochemical and antioxidant enzyme activities change in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cv., Basmati-370 seedlings germinated under sodium chloride (NaCl) stresses were investigated. Seeds were germinated under six NaCl levels of stresses including control (dH2O), 50, 75, 100, 125 and 150 mM and seedlings allowed to grow for two-weeks under same saline stresses. Results indicated that seed germination rate reduced significantly from control (97.50±2.50 %) to high (60.0±4.082 %, 150 mM) levels of NaCl concentrations. Plant biomass of shoot and root decreased (p ≤ 0.05), while relative water contents were increased in shoots and decreased in roots (p ≤ 0.05). Seed germination was decreased due to deficit biosynthesis of gibberellic acid and inhibition of α-amylases activities along the salt (NaCl) stressed seedlings. The protein, sugar contents RWC in roots decreased, while RWC of shoots, H2O2, phenolics, flavonoids and MDA increased (p ≤ 0.05) as markers for cellular damages by salinity. Significant alterations in antioxidant defense enzymes i.e. decrease in catalases (CAT) activities, while increase in ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidases (POD). This study ascribed that different antioxidant enzymes including non-enzymatic antioxidants like as ascorbic acid (ASA) are synthesized higher in NaCl stressed seedlings than control. Moreover, induction of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants activation MDA, ASA, POD, SOD, CAT etc., helpful to protect plants from alleviate salt-induced damages.
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