PJB-2022-476
EFFECT OF DIFERENT SOWINIG DATES ON BARLEY LANDRACES
Hafiz Wased Ahmad
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop, mostly cultivated for seed and fodder purpose in Pakistan. Research was carried out on the effect of different sowing dates on barley landraces at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during winter season of 2021-22. The experimental designed was used randomize complete block with split plot arrangement which possess three replications. Treatment consisted of sowing dates (1st October, 15th October and 1st November 2021) and barley landraces (Bajaur, Chinese, Waziristani, Afghani, Dir) with local check (Aaj). Sowing dates were allotted to the main plots and barley landraces to the sub plots. Results demonstrated that barley landrace Bajaur took less days to emergence (16), heading (121) and anthesis (123) while, physiological maturity was earlier in landrace Chinese which took (166) days, respectively. Delayed heading (127 days) and anthesis (129 days) were recorded for landrace Chinese while, delayed in emergence (18 days) and physiological maturity (174 days) recorded for landrace Waziristani and Afghani. Landrace Chinese produced higher leaf area tiller-1 (148 cm2), spike (379 m-2), lodging score (6.6), and spike length (10 cm) while, emergence (124 m-2) and plant height (120 cm) were recorded maximum for Landrace Bajaur. Parameters related to yield and yield components i.e. spikelets spike-1 (18), grains spike-1 (50) were recorded higher for landrace Dir while, thousand grain weight (44 g), grain yield (4303 kg ha-1) and harvest index (38%) was recorded maximum for landrace Waziristani except biological yield (14006 kg ha-1) which were higher for landrace Bajaur. In regard to sowing dates, sown plots on 1st November resulted in rapid emergence by 16 days, heading by 15 days, anthesis by 16 days and physiological maturity by 16 days than sown plots on 1st October. Similarly, plots sown on 1st November increased emergence (m-2) by 20%, leaf area index by 35%, spikes (m-2) by 11%, biological yield by 40% and grain yield by 20% as compared to planting on 1st October while, the harvest index were 8% greater than planting on 1st November. Decisively, barley landrace Waziristani and Dir produced maximum spikelets spike-1, grains spike-1, thousand grain weight, grain yield and harvest index except biological yield which were greater in landrace Bajaur while, emergence (m-2), leaf area tiller-1 (cm), spikes (m-2) and spike length (cm) was recorded greater for landrace Chinese excluding plant height (cm) which was maximum in landrace Bajaur. Crop sown on 15th October produced the highest grain yield (3716 kg ha-1) fallowed by 1st November (3343 kg ha-1) while, crop sown on 1st October minimum grain yield were produced (2836 kg ha-1). Based on the results landrace ‘Waziristani’ is recommended to be sown on 15th of October for maximum grain yield and production under the agro ecological condition of Peshawar valley.
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