PJB-2022-502
ETHNOBOTANY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR DIABETES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PHYLLANTHUS AMARUS SCHUM. & THONN., CHRYSANTHELLUM AMERICANUM (L.) VATKE AND STRIGA HERMONTHICA (DEL.) BENTH (BURKINA FASO).
Abdoulaye Segda
Abstract
Abstract :
The present study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity of the three most used medicinal plants at Bobo-Dioulasso to manage diabetes mellitus. For this purpose, an ethnobotanical survey was conducted by a semi-structured interview with 56 traditional health practitioners from May to July 2019 (03 months) using a questionnaire guide sheet on specific questions about informants, the therapeutic habits of the population, in particular the medicinal plants used (local name), the parts of the plants, the methods of preparation and the mode of administration. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of methanolic extracts (EMeOH), dichloromethane fraction (FDCM) and ethyl acetate fraction (FAE) were quantified by the spectrophotometric method using respectively Folin-Ciocalteu (FCR : 0.2 N) and trichloroaluminum (AlCl3) reagents. The antioxidant capacity of EMeOH, FDCM, FAE was evaluated by three methods including ABTS, DPPH and FRAP using a test concentration of 100 µg/mL. A total of 56 traditional health practitioners (69.64% male and 30.35% female) were interviewed wherein the age range of 51-60 years old has the highest frequency (35.73%). As to marital status, The majority of informants (92.85%) were married and most of them were illiterate (82.14%). A total of 28 medicinal plants were reported belonging to 21 families of which the species most cited were Phyllanthus amarus (26.24%), Chrysanthellum americanum (24%), Striga hermonthica (20%), Chamaecrista nigricans (18.69%), Leptadenia hastata (17.67%) and Detarium microcarpum (12.36%). The leaves (46%) and the whole plants (39%) were the most commonly used parts. The decoction (73.21%) and the drink (87.5%) were respectively the extraction method and the administration mode. The best content of total polyphenols was obtained by the ethyl acetate fraction of P. amarus (34.84±1.23 mg GAE/100 mg fraction) while that of flavonoids was obtained by the ethyl acetate fraction of S. hermonthica (15.77±1.33 mg QE/100 mg fraction). As the antioxidant activity, EMeOH of P. amarus presented the bests activities of ABTS (11418.70±291.45 µmol AAE/g extract), DPPH (488.546±0 µmol AAE/g extract) and FRAP (1348.74±166.85 µmol AAE/g extract). The obtained results could partially justify the traditional use of these plants in the treatment of diabetes.
Keywords : Ethnobotany ; Medicinal plants ; Diabetes ; Polyphenols ; Antioxidant.
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