PJB-2022-565
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) is the most nutritious and commercially significant crop. It has hard grains with a high protein content as compared to bread wheat. Therefore, the concerned experiment was conducted at The Agronomy Research Farm M
Iftikhar Ali
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) is the most nutritious and commercially significant crop. It has hard grains with a high protein content as compared to bread wheat. Therefore, the concerned experiment was conducted at The Agronomy Research Farm Malakandir of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, during rabi season 2021-22. The experiment was run out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) that comprised three replications. Nitrogen with four levels (control, 90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1), four phosphorus levels (control, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) and two wheat species (bread wheat and durum wheat). Nitrogen at the rate of 150 kg ha-1 produced higher number of tillers m-2 (423), maximum number of leaves tillers-1 (5.8), maximum leaf area (200.7 cm-2), higher leaf area index (8.5 %), maximum plant height (114.2 cm), higher number of productive spikes m-2 (389), maximum number of grains spike-1 (72), maximum biological yield (11099 kg ha-1), grain yield (4681 kg ha-1), thousand grains weight (48 g), higher nitrogen content (2.3 %) and protein content (14.3 %). Harvest index (44.1 %) was higher at the rate of 90 kg ha-1 nitrogen. Maximum number of days to anthesis (131) and days to maturity (167) were recorded from treatment at the rate of 150 kg ha-1 nitrogen. Phosphorus fertilization @ of 120 kg ha-1 produced maximum number of tillers m-2 (405), maximum number of leaves tillers-1 (5.6), maximum leaf area (183.9 cm-2), higher leaf area index (7.2 %), maximum plant height (112.2 cm), maximum number of days to anthesis (130), higher number of productive spikes m-2 (367), maximum number of grains spike-1 (61), maximum biological yield (10463 kg ha-1), grain yield (4576 kg ha-1), thousand grains weight (46 g), higher nitrogen content (2.2 %) and protein content (13.8 %). Harvest index (43.9 %) and days to maturity (165) was higher at the rate of 120 kg P ha-1 which was statistically similar with plot applied 90 kg P ha-1. Bread wheat performed better regarding number of tillers m-2 (378), number of productive spikes m-2 (337), number of grains spike-1 (58), biological yield (9832 kg ha-1), grain yield (4217 kg ha-1) while durum wheat was superior regarding maximum number of leaves tillers-1 (5.5), leaf area (184.5 cm-2), leaf area index (6.7 %), plant height (111.2 cm), nitrogen content (2.2 %) and protein content (14.1 %). Durum wheat took more days to emergence (13), anthesis (134) and maturity (170). Based on the recorded results nitrogen at the rate of 150 kg ha-1 and phosphorus @ of 120 kg ha-1 are recommended for higher yield and quality. Yield wise bread wheat perform well while quality wise, durum wheat was better.
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