PJB-2023-78
DETERMINATION OF STEM SHEARİNG STRESS AND ENERGY PARAMETERS OF SOYBEAN PLANT WITH GREEN STEM SYNDROME
Yasemin Vurarak
Abstract
Recently, the Green Stem Syndrome (GSS) which prevents the stems from drying down properly and causes the stems to remain green after seed are mature has been often seen in the soybean fields in Türkiye. As known, the green stems are hard to cut and more likely to plug the combine. This situation causes to increase the losses during harvest. From this point of view, in this study, shearing stress and specify shearing energy of the stem were determined in order to obtain basic data for obtaining working conditions to reduce harvest losses in GSS-captured soybean plants. The shearing tests were performed with a Lloyd Material Testing Machine (model LRX Plus) equipped with a shearing apparatus. Six different soybean varieties namely, Türksoy, Ataem-7, Cinsoy, Blaze, SA-88 and ÇU04-122 were used as plant material. All experiments were carried out in 20 replicates. The average moisture content of the stem was 63.13% in syndrome plants and 22.60% in healthy plants.
It was determined that the values of shearing stress and specific shearing energy of the plant stem with and without syndrome were statistically different. All parameters investigated in the study except shearing stress were found to be higher in GSS plants. In plants with syndrome, plastic cutting (crushing) has come to the fore instead of solid cutting. This has been assessed and discussed as one of the reasons to increase losses in cutting and blending operations during harvest.
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