PJB-2023-288
Abdul sajid
Abstract
Many infectious microorganisms are resistant to synthetic drugs; hence an alternative therapy is very much needed. Therefore, medical plants are one of the major sources of drug in modern as well as traditional medicine throughout the world. In the present study, the antimicrobial activities of various parts of S. xanthocarpum including fruits leaves, stem and roots extracts in organic solvents (Hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, Isobutanol and Crude extracts) against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus and Candida albicans were detected by zone of inhibition. Disc diffusion technique was used to assess the antimicrobial activities of various extracts. Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, isobutanol and crude extracts in different concentrations of 1mg and 2 mg / disc in 6μl and 12μl volume were applied on the discs. Antibiotics (Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Clotrimazole) were applied (6μl / disc) on separate plates as positive control for gram positive and gram negative bacteria and Candida albicans, respectively. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was also applied (6μl / disc) on the discs as negative controls. These plates were then incubated at 37 ºC for 24 hrs. The diameter of zone of inhibition was taken as an indicator of antimicribial effect. The extracts of S. xanthocarpum showed high sensitivity to E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumonia, moderate sensitivity to S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus and Candida albicans, and less sensitivity to S. typhi.
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