PJB-2023-373
Studies on the relationship between soil temperature, soil degree days and pod yield as influenced by different mulches and land configurations in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
SUBRAHMANIYAN, K.
Abstract
With the objective of studying the relationship between soil temperature, soil degree- days (SDD) and pod yield of groundnut, field experiments were conducted over 4 years (2017–20) during South West monsoon (SWM) with three mulches viz., No mulch (NM), Organic mulch (OM) and Polyethylene film mulch (PMG) and four land configurations viz., Flatbed (FB), Broad bed furrow(BBF), Ridges and furrows (RF) and Raised bed and furrow (RBF). The pooled results of four years indicated that soil temperatures were significantly higher under polyethylene film mulched groundnut in different phenophases from sowing to harvest as compared to non-mulch and organic mulches. Similarly, the soil degree- days (SDD) varied significantly among the different mulches and the total accumulated soil degree- days in different phenophases were highest with transparent film mulch. The increase in the accumulated soil degree days shortened the crop period and the crop attained maturity six days earlier than no mulch and organic mulch as well. The soil temperature and soil degree days were lower with organic mulch as compared to no mulch. The coefficient of determination (R2) at three depths ranged from a value of 0.991 to 0.996 for pod yield and soil temperature which indicated a strong correlation. The soil warming efficiency of land configurations were in the order of Ridges and furrows>Raised bed>Broad bed and furrow>Flat bed. Due to an increase in the growth and yield attributes, the pod yield obtained with transparent plastic mulch was 16.48 % higher than non-mulched control. The Raised bed and furrow method of land configuration produced a higher yield of 2500 kg/ha, which was 13.17 % higher than broad bed and furrow.
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