PJB-2023-601
GENOTYPE BY ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION FOR YIELD AND RESISTANCE TO POD BORER (HELICOVERPA ARMIGERA L.) IN CHICKPEA
Sarbaz Khan
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important legume crop grown worldwide for its nutritional value and adaptability to diverse agro-ecological conditions. In the present study 44 chickpea genotypes collected from Ayub Agriculture Research Institute (AARI) along with four local checks were evaluated under two environmental conditions one was control and other was treated with pod borer spray, during cropping season 2022-23. Experiment was carried out by using randomized complete block design with three replications for each condition independently. Analysis of variance showed (P≤0.01) significant differences for genotypes and G x E interaction for all the studied traits, while significant differences were observed among environment for most of the studied traits except days to flowering, days to maturity and plant height. Averaged over two environments, minimum days to flowering were recorded for genotypes D-15005 (105.5 days), days to maturity for D-14014 (164.8 days) and highest plant height for K-11051 (73.3 cm). While genotype D-14005 was recorded with minimum pod damage percentage (5.08%). The genotype× environment interaction means showed maximum biological yield for genotypes D-11030 (5903.7 kg ha-1) and seed yield for D-11030 (2518.5 kg ha-1). Under untreated (control) environments, maximum productive branches plant-1 were observed for genotypes D-11030 (10.33), pods plant-1 for D-11030 (56), seeds pod-1 for D-10039, D-13036, K-01155 (2.0) and seed yield for genotype D-11030 (2323.6 kg ha-1). Moreover, under treated environment maximum means were revealed for productive branches plant-1 by genotype D-11030 (10.67), pods plant-1 by D-11030 (64.6), 100-seed weight by genotype D-11030 (30.21 g) and seed yield by D-11030 (2518.5 kg ha-1). Among environments means minimum pod damage (7.00%) and maximum seed yield (1865.4 kg ha-1) were recorded for treated environment. High heritability values were recorded for days to flowering (0.81), pods plant-1 (0.90) and plant height (0.74) under treated environment. Likewise, under untreated environments high heritability values were observed for days to flowering (0.79), plant height (0.82) and pods plant-1 (0.90). Whereas high genetic advance were noted for biological yield and seed-yield under both environments (881.04, 414.83) treated and untreated environments (525.38,322.36). Based on the stable performance for seed yield and less pod damage genotypesD-11030, D-14005, K-01153, K-01213 and K-70009 can be forwarded for variety approval process and could be utilized in future breeding programs.
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