PJB-2024-209
CULTIVATION OF MICROALGA CHLORELLA VULGARIS AND ITS BIOCHEMICAL PROFILING
MARIA TAYYABA
Abstract
Algae are photosynthetic species and are mainly used in feed formulation to enhance production, immunity, and nutrient quality in livestock and humans. The alga was introduced into the BG11 media, and aeration, temperature and pH were maintained. The indoor cultivation was carried out during the light and dark period in glass aquariums and the outdoor cultivation was conducted under the natural temperature and light conditions in earthen ponds. Then water quality, amino acid profile, and the proximate analysis of Chlorella vulgaris were done. GCMS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) was used for the analysis of fatty acid composition. The mineral content of algae was checked through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Indoor cultivation of C.vulgaris has a higher percentage of protein content and ash, whereas outdoor cultivation has a higher percentage of fat and moisture. The content of saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid was higher in indoor cultivation as compared to outdoor cultivation (20.49a vs 16.78b; 0.0014 and 10.50a vs 3.89b; 0.0051) whereas polyunsaturated fatty acid was higher in outdoor cultivation as compared to indoor cultivation of microalgae C.vulgaris (75.14a vs 65.97b; 0.0023). Amino acid profile showed significant difference between indoor and outdoor cultivation of C.vulgaris. The concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus, biological oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids decreased significantly, in the presence of algae. Indoor cultivation of C.vulgaris had a higher concentration of minerals than outdoor cultivation, including sodium, calcium, iron, potassium, and magnesium. The biomass concentration for indoor cultivation was around 273 ± 0.58 mg L-1 and the result for outdoor cultivation was 218 ± 0.58 mg L-1. Briefly, indoor cultivation had better result as compared to outdoor cultivation, for all these parameters.
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