PJB-2024-269
Water-stress tolerance in the newly developed rice populations for yield traits
Afraz Nasim
Abstract
This study was performed to assess the performance of six parental rice genotypes and their F4 cross combinations for yield and related traits under normal and water-stress conditions. Experimental material was grown in randomized complete block design with three replications at the University of Agriculture (UoA)-Peshawar during the rice growing season 2022. Significant (P < 0.05) differences among the environments (normal and water-stress conditions), rice genotypes and genotype × environment interaction were observed for the studied maturity and yield traits. Under normal conditions, cross combination DR-82 x Basmati-385 showed earliest heading (92.5 days) and maturity (121.5 days). F4 cross combination Basmati-385 x Swat-2 manifested highest number of primary branches panicle-1 (11.6) and grains panicle-1 (198.1). Cross combination Swat-2 x DR-82 displayed maximum 1000-grain weight (41.0 g), while maximum grain yield plant-1 (26.7 g) was produced by cross combination Basmati-385 x PK-386 under normal conditions. Under normal conditions, cross-combinations JP-5 x Swat-2 and PK-386 x Swat-2 displayed highest broad-sense heritability estimates (0.97) for grain yield, while highest genetic advance (31.8%) for grain yield was observed for cross combination JP-5 x Basmati-385. Under normal conditions, grain yield displayed significantly positive genotypic (rg) and phenotypic (rp) correlations with days to heading (rg = 0.45**, rp = 0.22*), flag leaf area (rg = 0.40*, rp = 0.24*), biological yield (rg = 0.64**, rp = 0.27**) and harvest index (rg =0.65**, rp = 0.63**). Under water-stress conditions, cross combination KS-282 x Basmati-385 took minimum number of days to heading (88.7). Cross combination Swat-2 x JP-5 showed highest numbers of grains panicle-1 (207.5), while maximum 1000-grain weight (27.0 g) was manifested for cross combination KS-282 x JP-5. Highest grain yield plant-1 (25.6 g) was produced by cross combination Basmati-385 x KS-282 under water-stress conditions. Cross combinations JP-5 x Basmati-385 and JP-5 x DR-82 displayed highest broad-sense heritability estimates (0.96) and genetic advance values of 29.2% and 35.3%, respectively for grain yield plant-1.
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