PJB-2025-1500
Morphological and biochemical characterization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces revealed genetic sources for future breeding and research
Ahmad Muhammad Younis, Abdul Hamid, Shahid Iqbal Awan, Malik Ashiq Rabbani and Khawaja Sahfique Ahmad
Abstract
Common bean is one of the most significant crops among the main legumes. Landraces of the common bean are grown all over the world. These landraces show remarkable resistance to pests and diseases in addition to their exceptional climate adaptation. Landraces continue to perform well despite low farming inputs. The aim of this work was to identify important germplasm by morphological and biochemical investigation using 96 landraces collected from Azad Kashmir and northern Pakistan. Ninety-six landraces were collected from Azad Kashmir, Gilgit-Baltistan and Sawat district of KPK. The landraces were grown in a field using augmented design for two years. The data were collected on morphological and biochemical traits. Correlation coefficient was performed to assess the association among the traits. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were performed to assess the diversity among the common bean landraces. A high correlation between seed production and seed weight was observed. Seed weight, seed yield per plant, and the ratio of seeds per pod: pod length, all exhibited positive and statistically significant associations. The results showed a highly significant correlation between pod width, seed weight, and yield. Among biochemical traits including antioxidant activity have shown maximum positive and highly significant correlations with moisture content, ascorbic acid, protein content and crude fiber. Nineteen landraces demonstrated maximal morphological variability based on the average linkage distance. The cluster analysis based on biochemical traits indicated that 27 landraces exhibited the highest level of diversity. These results suggest that common bean landraces are highly valuable genetic resources for future breeding for the common bean improvement
To Cite this article:
Younis, A.M., A. Hamid, S.I. Awan, M.A. Rabbani and K.S. Ahmad. 2025. Morphological and biochemical characterization of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) landraces revealed genetic sources for future breeding and research. Pak. J. Bot., 57(1): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2025-1(9)
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