PJB-2024-553
EFFICIENT EXTRACTION OF POTENTIAL INSECTICIDAL PHYTOCHEMICALS FROM CALOTROPIS PROCERA L. USING MICROWAVE TECHNOLOGY
Sana Fatima
Abstract
Due to population and pollution growth mankind encountered significant challenges from pest infestations. There has been a global expansion in the use of synthetic insecticides to manage pests; therefore, there is a crucial need to explore eco-friendly alternatives for synthetic pesticides. In the present study, an attempt was made to optimize the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) for the efficient extraction of natural environment friendly insecticidal compounds from Calotropis procera. The extraction parameters selected were time (2 to 10 minutes), power level (100 to 1000 W), sample-solvent ratio (1-6 g/30 mL) and type of solvent (ethanol, water, and n-hexane). The extracts with maximum metabolites were selected for insecticidal activity against cattle fever ticks Rhipicephalus annulatus. Maximum amount of extract and glycosides were obtained at power level 650 W and within 4.5 minutes of MAE. While maximum amount of phenolics was obtained at power 1000 and in 8 minutes of microwave irradiation. The extracts with highest responses were further analyzed for insecticidal activity against cattle fever ticks R. annulatus. 100% mortality rate was observed within 2 hours in 1.866/30 mg/mL extract with maximum glycosides while remaining shows 100% mortality rate after 4-6 hours. Results showed that MAE is a rapid and energy efficient method for extraction of phytochemicals showing that this protocol can be suggested for the commercial extraction of insecticidal compounds from C. procera.
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