PJB-2024-569
Physio-biochemical insights into cotton’s response to drought stress: a mini review
Muhmmad Kashif Shahzad Sarwar, Abdul Ghaffar, Saghir Ahmad, Muhammad Yasin Ashraf, Shoaib-Ur-Rehman and Ummara Waheed
Abstract
Drought, due to inadequate irrigation or rainfall, poses a significant challenge for cotton production, affecting 45% of global cultivated land, with 19.5% of irrigated areas also facing salinity. The combination of drought and salt stress can lead to substantial yield losses, potentially accounting for up to half of agricultural losses worldwide. This article provides a comprehensive examination of the multifaceted responses of cotton to drought stress, focusing on the interplay of morphophysiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms that contribute to enhanced drought tolerance. It highlights the critical roles of solute accumulation, photosynthesis enhancement, and the production of key biochemicals like glycine, betaine, and proline, which mitigate the detrimental effects of drought and salinity. Additionally, the review explores advanced strategies, such as QTL mapping, genetic engineering, and exogenous solute applications, to improve drought resilience. Emphasizing the importance of transcription factors and ABA in regulating key stress responses, this work presents a novel perspective on cotton breeding for drought tolerance, particularly through transgenic approaches aimed at optimizing stress-related gene expression.
To Cite this article:
Sarwar, M.K.S., A. Ghaffar, S. Ahmad, M.Y. Ashraf, S.U. Rehman and U. Waheed. 2025. Physio-biochemical insights into cotton’s response to drought stress: a mini review. Pak. J. Bot., 57(6): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2025-6(33)
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