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Abstract

Under the national policy advocating "sustainable" and "low-carbon" agricultural development, microalgae fertilizer, as an ecological and environmentally friendly biological fertilizer, has gained increasing scholarly attention for its potential to improve soil quality and enhance crop growth. Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, autotrophic photosynthetic microorganisms capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen and carbon, play a vital role in global energy conversion and biogeochemical cycles. In this study, applying varying concentrations of Anabaena sp. to potted wheat and using the supernatant as a control group (CK) allowed researchers to examine the effects of these concentrations on the growth of wheat seedlings as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. Results indicated that wheat treated with different concentrations of Anabaena sp. grew better than the control group. When the concentration of Anabaena sp. fertilizer was 0.04 mg/cm2, the growth of wheat was the fastest, and the chlorophyll content, root length, and fresh weight were 50.8%, 18.1%, and 84.2% higher than those of the CK. Light energy utilization efficiency in wheat leaves significantly improved. At 0.023 mg/cm2, the soil organic matter (SOM) content, nutrient content (N, P, K), soil nitrate reductase (S-NR), soil urease (S-UE), soil acid phosphatase (S-ACP), and soil alkaline phosphatase (S-AKP) activities all reached the highest values. The pH and conductivity values were lower than those of the control group.

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