PJB-2025-1537
Adapting agriculture: strategic crop responses and mitigation to climate shifts: an updated review
Hafsa Saleem, Sohail Ahmad Jan, Zabta Khan Shinwari, Afnan Khan Shinwari, Aisha Israr, Arshad Iqbal and Zahid Hussain
Abstract
Climate change is a major environmental issue that humanity is currently confronting, influenced by both natural and human actions. As a result of substantial changes to the atmosphere's composition brought about by industrialization, overuse of land, deforestation, and the heavy reliance on fossil fuels, greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions have increased. Changes in weather patterns, an increase in temperature, and an intensification of extreme weather events including storms, floods, and droughts have all been brought about by this phenomenon. An industry that depends heavily on climate stability, agriculture, is especially susceptible to these shifts. Crop growth, productivity, and food security are already being impacted by changes in temperature, rainfall, and water availability. These issues will only get worse as global temperatures rise, having serious consequences for both poor and developed countries. There is still a lack of thorough, integrative methods that integrate physiological, genetic, and agronomic viewpoints to create holistic adaptation strategies, despite the increasing amount of research on the effects of climate change and crop adaptation techniques. This review aims to present a thorough analysis of the effects of climate change on crop adaptations, pinpoint knowledge gaps that currently exist, and to highlight the use of novel breeding and biotechnology techniques to mitigate the current climate change. The goal is to investigate technical developments, creative farming techniques, and physiological adaptations in crops that can support agricultural output and guarantee food security in a changing environment. This review aspires to fill in the gaps by providing practical advice that farmers, researchers, and policymakers may use to implement efficient mitigation solutions locally and globally.
To Cite this article:
Saleem, H., S.A. Jan, Z.K. Shinwari, A.K. Shinwari, A. Israr, A. Iqbal and Z. Hussain. 2025. Adapting agriculture: strategic crop responses and mitigation to climate shifts: an updated review. Pak. J. Bot., 57(4): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30848/PJB2025-4(37)
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