PJB-2025-144
Isolation, structural characterization and bioactive potential of a novel pectic polysaccharides derived from tobacco waste
YAN ZHAO
Abstract
Approximately 200 million tons of tobacco waste are generated globally each year. Traditional treatment methods often lead to resource waste and environmental pollution. Notably, discarded tobacco leaves are abundant in pectic polysaccharides, comprising 5-12% of their dry weight. This study successfully isolated and purified a novel pectic polysaccharide, CSTP5b, from tobacco waste for the first time. This was achieved through sequential extraction with ammonium oxalate, followed by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. The pectic polysaccharide, with a molecular weight of 65.8 kDa, consists of 55.23% RG-I and 44.77% HG domains. Methylation analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed the backbone structure as →[4)‒α‒D‒GalpA‒(1]6→4)‒α‒D‒GalpA‒(1→4)‒α‒D‒GalpA‒(1→2)‒α‒D‒Rhap‒(1→4)‒α‒D‒GalpA‒(1→2)‒α‒D‒Rhap‒(1→. The HG domain exhibited methyl esterification, while galactan and arabinan are connected to the RG-I main chain as branches through the O‒4 bond of →2,4)‒α‒D‒Rhap‒(1→). CSTP5b is characterized by a sheet-like morphology and exhibits weak crystalline properties, coupled with notable thermal stability. Additionally, CSTP5b exhibits notable free radical scavenging and hypoglycemic activities. This study elucidates the fine structural characteristics of tobacco pectic polysaccharides, indicating that tobacco waste may serve as a viable source of low methyl-esterified RG-I-HG type pectin as well as potential natural antioxidants and hypoglycemic products. These findings offer a novel avenue for the targeted exploration of bioactive components in tobacco by-products.
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