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Bacterial biodiversity of the leaf phyllosphere of different varieties of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and metabolic pathways
Abstract
The phyllosphere is a distinctive habitat that hosts diverse microbial communities. Plant species and environmental factors determine the microbial diversity, which subsequently regulates the growth and metabolism of host plants. This study analyzed the relationship between tobacco leaves and their phyllosphere microbiome by determining the bacterial biodiversity of various tobacco varieties and evaluating its impact on metabolic pathways. For this purpose, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was conducted, and in silico functional annotation was performed. The results indicated substantial variations in the α-diversity of bacteriomes among seven tested tobacco varieties. Proteobacteria were identified as the dominant phylum, with a relative abundance ranging from 74.4% to 98.2% across all varieties. Pseudomonas emerged as a predominant genus at the genus level, comprising 16.7% to 77.7% of the microbial communities. Fifty-four genera (22.7% of the detected genera) were shared among all tobacco varieties. The number of unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) ranged from 16 to 130 across tobacco varieties, with 68 OTUs (13.7%) shared among all seven varieties. Metabolic analysis revealed that carbohydrate metabolism was the predominant pathway, accounting for 19.0% to 20.0% of all metabolic pathways. These findings highlight the intricate relationship between tobacco varieties and their phyllosphere microbiome, providing insights into microbial diversity and functional potential.
