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THE STATUS OF 1B/1R TRANSLOCATION CHROMOSOME IN SOME RELEASED WHEAT VARIETIES AND THE 1989 CANDIDATE VARIETIES OF PAKISTAN
Abstract
The homozygous chromosome translocation, 1B/1R 1B/1R, involving the short arm of Secale cereal chromosome 1 (1RS) and the long arm of Triticum aestivum chromosome 1B (1BL) has been a potent genetic source of disease resistances in wheat varieties released globally. The genes located on 1RS have been associated with leaf –rust (Lr26), stem-rust (Sr31) , stripe- rust (Yr9) and powdery mildew(Pm8). In the 1988-89 national uniform wheat yield trials (NUWYT) of the 38 entries including three checks; one for each of the normal, short- duration and rainfed categories; there were 25 entries with the 1B/1R translocation. The Pak-81 variety was 1B/1R homozygous. Some of the recent wheat varietal releases in Pakistan after 1980 were also analyzed, and 7 varieties of the 11 checked possessed the 1B/1R homozygous translocation. This paper also discusses the constraints that may be prevalent when large chromosome segments are involved in transfersfrom a common genetic base.
