PJB-2017-203
COUMARINS FROM HALDINA CORDIFOLIA LEAD TO PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH IN GIANT MIMOSA: POTENTIAL BIO-HERBICIDES
Rungcharn Suksungworn, Nattawut Srisombat, Sorawit Bapia, Melisa Soun-Udom, Nuttha Sanevas, Narong Wongkantrakorn, Prasart Kermanee, Srunya Vajrodaya and Sutsawat Duangsrisai
Abstract
Phytotoxicity of isoscopoletin and umbelliferone, isolated from bark and wood of Haldina cordifolia, on the germination and growth of Mimosa pigrawas investigated. When compared to the control treatment, 100µ Misoscopoletin delayed germination for 3 days, whereas 100 µM umbelliferone, which proved to be more effective, delayed germination for 4 days. Both coumarins caused stunted root growth, but only umbelliferone caused swollen roots. In contrast to roots treated with umbelliferone, cross-sections of roots treated with isoscopoletin showed smaller root diameter and fewer cortical cells. Moreover, the vascular bundles of roots treated with umbelliferone were more developed than those treated with isoscopoletin. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cells of the root tip and maturation zone exposed to either coumarin showed thickened cell walls; disruption of cell membranes; increased number of disorganized mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and endoplasmic reticulum; as well as increased number of plastids and plastoglobules. However, vacuolization and autophagosomes were found in the root maturation zone of roots treated with umbelliferonein a greater extent than those treated with isoscopoletin. These results suggest that isoscopoletin and umbelliferone might be involved in accelerating senescence or programmed cell death in giant Mimosa, resulting in reduced growth. Therefore, they could be considered potential for a development of bio-herbicides for giant mimosa control.
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