PJB-2017-590
Effect of plant extracts on Botrytis cinerea and some of the defense mechanisms of apple
Jalal gholamnezhad
Abstract
The efficacy of eight plant extracts (Neem, Castor been, Walnut, Thyme, Pennyroyal, Salvia and Asafetida) in controlling post harvest of apple (caused by Botrytis cinerea) was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, all plant extracts treatments inhibited spore germination by more than 86%. Spore germination was 17.41 and 20.83% for Neem extract treatment with significant difference compared to control (73.6 and 85.33%) for aqueous and methanol extracts. In the storage conditions, the application of neem extract (at concentration of 25%) resulted in 89.11% reduction of disease severity compared with the untreated control. Results of enzymes activity showed the plant extracts can increase the activity of POX, PAL, ?(1,3) Glu and PPO in the presence of pathogens, in apple fruits. However, based on the results of this research revealed that application of Neem extracts was more effective than the application of other plant extracts. However, results showed that use of plant extracts as plant defense inducer could be effective against B. cinerea in apple fruits. Overall, according to this study it could be concluded that plant extracts may be useful to control post harvest disease as a safe alternative option to chemical fungicides.
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