PJB-2017-617
Estimation of heterosis, heritability and genetic advance for yield and its components in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
Farhana Kumbhar
Abstract
An experiment was conducted at Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam, Pakistan to estimate heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis in nine F1 hybrids of Gossypium hirsutum L. developed from five parental varieties viz. Chandi-95, NIAB-78, CRIS-134, Sadori and FH-901. The traits studied were, plant height, number of monopodial branches plant-1, number of sympodial branches plant-1, number of bolls plant-1, boll weight, lint index, seed index, GOT% and seed cotton yield plant-1. Heritability in broad sense and genetic advance were also estimated for these traits. Hybrid NIAB-78 x CRIS-134 proved to be the most successful cross and recorded highest mid parent heterosis (43.59%), better parent heterosis (32.47%) and economic heterosis (32.47%) for yield plant-1 which was also associated with highest mid parent heterosis (40.06%), significantly higher value of heterobeltiosis (30.59%) and economic heterosis (51.0%) for sympodial branches plant-1 and significantly higher mid parent heterosis (29.62%), better parent heterosis (18.16%) and economic heterosis (18.16%) for number of bolls plant-1. The hybrid NIAB-78 x Chandi-95 showed second order heterosis (36.72%), heterobeltiosis (35.25%) and economic heterosis (14.30%) for yield plant-1, 18.43% mid parent heterosis, 17.53% better parent heterosis and 35.90% economic heterosis for sympodial branches plant-1, 22.24% mid parent heterosis, 20.21% better parent heterosis for bolls plant-1, and approximately 11% heterosis, heterobeltiosis for boll weight. Almost similar was the performance of its reciprocal cross i.e Chandi-95 x NIAB-78. Third ranker was the cross Sadori x FH-901 which produced 32.40% heterosis, 5.87% heterobeltiosis and 27.83% economic heterosis for yield plant-1, 30.68% mid parent heterosis, 29.12% better parent heterosis and 57.81% economic heterosis for sympodial branches plant-1, 26.83% heterosis and 22.27% economic heterosis for number of bolls plant-1, and 20.98% mid parent heterosis, 8.65% heterobeltiosis and 26.36% economic heterosis for boll weight. For their better heterotic performance, these crosses could be recommended for further evaluation and utilization in hybrid seed production and varietal development programmes. Thetraits sympodial branches plant-1, Bolls plant-1, Boll weight, seed cotton yield plant-1, seed index, lint index and GOT% showed high heritability with considerable genetic advance under selection as per cent of population mean.
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