PJB-2017-663
Polyamines and other secondary metabolites in of green-leaf and red-leaf almond rootstocks triggered in response to salinity
Zrig Ahlem
Abstract
Almond trees are very sensitive to salinity, and in many semiarid regions saline water is the only alternative for irrigation. Thus, the use of salt-tolerant rootstocks may allow an economically feasible yield under saline irrigation. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chloride salts on plant secondary metabolites in red- and green-leaf almond biotypes. One-month-old Bitter Almond (BA) and Garnem (GN15) rootstock seedlings were cultivated for two months without salinity (control), or exposed to irrigation with CaCl2 (10mM), KCl (10mM) and NaCl (75 mM) alone. In green leaves of BA, the supplementation of NaCl solutions with CaCl2 significantly increased anthocyanin, petunidin, and polyphenol concentration, indicating a possible involvement of these compounds in cell osmoregulation. In GN15 rootstock, spermidine increased significantly from control when CaCl2 was added to control irrigation, but the highest, and most significant, increase in both spermidine and putrescine in GN15 was caused by NaCl alone. Results indicate that the significant increase in polyamines in GN15 from control to NaCl treatment, but lack of response from BA rootstock and drop of antioxidant capacity in BA, while GN15 maintained similar level across treatments, suggest that GN15 may be more salt tolerant than BA. Finally, the addition of CaCl2 or KCl may not have any benefit in helping almond rootstocks cope with salinity by producing more stress-related compounds.
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