PJB-2017-774
Influence of rootstocks and soil management treatments on photosynthetic efficiency and plant growth parameters of apple under replant situations
Niranjan Singh
Abstract
Apple orchards planted in late sixties in Himanchal Pradesh and North Western Himalayan region of India, have shown symptoms of declining productivity as these plants have completed their economic life span. Due to limited land, choice of crops for smaller micro climatic niches and incomparable economic equivalence of other fruits with apple, orchardists prefer to replant old apple orchard sites with apple only. There has been substantial increase in the proportion of declining orchards in the region which need to be addressed. Therefore, standardization of suitable agro-techniques to combat replant problem in apple for better field survival rate and productivity under replant conditions. In present study there were 20 treatments comprising of four apple rootstocks i.e. Seedling, M.793, MM.111 and M.7 and five different treatments i.e. control, soil fumigation, PGPR, biocontrol and combined (Soil fumigation + PGPR + Biocontrol) with three replications. The data over the years 2015 and 2016 reveled that M.793 rootstock had significant influence on growth and vigour parameters, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency. Among the treatments, highest growth and vigour parameters, chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency were recorded maximum in combined treatment. The interaction between rootstocks and treatments revealed that combinations of M.793 × combined treatment recorded maximum growth and vigour traits chlorophyll content, rate of photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, variable fluorescence, photochemical efficiency, initial fluorescence efficiency, fluorescence and minimum stomatal resistance compared to other rootstocks and treatment combinations under replant situations, which can be exploited for the management of replant problem in apple.
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