PJB-2018-62
Influence of air temperature and soil moisture on growth and chemical composition of geranium plants
El-Sharnouby, M. E
Abstract
This study was carried out at the Biotechnology department, faculty of science, taif university, to exam the effect of different air temperature (15 and 27 ± 30C) with three levels of soil moisture (70%, 80%and 90% of field capacity) on production of Geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L) plants. The obtained results concluded that, plant growth i.e. plant height (cm), branches number, fresh and dry weight of shoots were decreased with geranium plants acclimatized under conditions of low air temperature and high soil moisture. Physiological characters like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids contents indicated that under the effect of 270C temperature with soil moisture70% all characters increased in geranium plants than in those acclimatized under 150C temperature and different % of soil moisture. The extracted essential oils were analyzed using GC/MS. The major compounds in geranium plants essential oils were produced with geraniol (36%) and citronellol (18.% ) with air temperature 27 ± 30C and levels of soil moisture (70%) compared with geraniol (17%) and citronellol (8% ) at air temperature 15 ± 30C) with levels of soil moisture (70%). Keywords: Geranium plants, chlorophyll contents, soil moisture, air temperature, essential oil.
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