PJB-2018-190
Stimulatory effects on growth, yield and quality of Pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars by the foliar applications of IAA and GA3
Khalid Hussain
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at research area of University of Gujrat, Pakistan during 2016-2017 to evaluate the effect of GA3 and IAA on growth, yield and quality of pea. Four cultivars of pea i.e. Aleena, Classic, Green grass and Meteor were used for this experiment. There were seven treatments i.e. 0 (control), 50, 100 ppm both for IAA and GA3 and two combine treatments of IAA+GA3 (50 and 100 ppm). All the treatments were applied as foliar application after 14 days of sprouting. Experiment was laid down in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. Data was collected at seedling stage (14 days after treatment), vegetative stage (28 days after treatment) and maturity. It was noted that all the morphological attributes of pea i.e. shoot and root lengths, shoot fresh and dry weights, leaf area at seedling and vegetative stages. Relative growth and net assimilation rates were also significantly increased by the foliar applications of IAA, GA3 and in combination of both hormones. High levels of hormones showed better effects. Photosynthetic and transpiration rates, total protein and carbohydrates, fibre contents, Ca2+ and K+ were significantly changed by IAA and GA3 separately and in combine treatments. It was observed from all the treatment levels that combine treatments of IAA and GA3 had better effects rather than separate treatments. IAA found better as compared to GA3. Classic cultivar showed better results in growth and yield as compared to other three cultivars. POD activities were reduced and CAT activities were enhanced by foliar applications of IAA and GA3. It was concluded that high rate of photosynthesis resulted high biomass production and yield. High Transpiration rates helped to uptake nutrients from soil efficiently that resulted high accumulation of Ca2+ and K+. Reduction in POD activities helped to increase the defense mechanism of plants and high CAT activities caused better balance in plant metabolism as a result growth, yield and quality of pea were increased. These outcomes can be used as a good indicator for researchers to evaluate the pea cultivars response towards plant growth regulators (PGR) to predict for promising yield and quality traits.
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