PJB-2018-244
Seed Priming Induced High Temperature Tolerance in Wheat by Regulating Germination Metabolism and Physio-biochemical Properties
Wajid Mahboob
Abstract
High temperature is one of the major limiting factors in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in arid, semiarid, regions of world. The crop experiences moderate to severe high temperature during most of its reproductive stages growth. A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the impact of seed priming treatments in terms of seedlings establishment and productivity of wheat under different sowing times. Wheat seeds of NIA-Amber were exposed to hormonal priming with salicylic acid (SA), osmopriming with calcium chloride (CaCl2), sorgaab (Sor) and moringa leaf extract (MLE) for 12 h. The non-primed control and primed seeds were sown in 10 kg soil filled pots under optimal (control) and late sown (heat stress). Results revealed that priming treatments have significantly improved seed emergence and seedling establishment under both sowing dates. However, seedlings raised from SA priming, showed least time taken to 50% emergence (E50) while osmopriming with MLE exhibited lesser mean emergence time and maximum emergence rate, coefficient of uniformity index and final emergence percentage over control. Furthermore, flag leaf area, spike length, 100 grain weight, grain yield per plant and chlorophyll content were improved in plants raised from seeds primed with SA, MLE and Sor. Contrarily, maximum relative water contents, glycine betaine and total phenolics were observed in osmopriming with CaCl2 while highest cell membrane thermostability exhibited by osmopriming with MLE, thus SA treatment illustrated maximum proline and total soluble sugars under high temperature stress. In crux, seed priming improves wheat performance under optimal as well as late sown conditions through improved metabolism and augmented accrual of osmoprotectants, resulting in accelerated growth and development even under high temperature.
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