PJB-2018-253
LAND-USE / LAND COVER CHANGES THROUGH SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING APPROACH: A CASE STUDY OF INDUS DELTA, PAKISTAN
Dr. ZIA UR REHMAN
Abstract
Satellite Remote Sensing is a modern technique for detection and mapping of LULC patterns and its changes without going into survey. Indus delta and its coastal zones is the most important coastal environment for mangrove and relate habitats. The aim of the study is to identify the land use / land cover classes of the Indus delta during 2000 and 2014 through Satellite Remote Sensing, to evaluate the LULC changes of Indus delta during 2000 and 2014, to investigate the LULC classes from ground realities. Satellite images of Landsat-5 ETM+, dated 08-03-2000 and Landsat-8 OLI / TIRS dated 08-04-2014 were used. Supervised classification technique is used and classify into ten LULC classes. Results indicate that normal mangrove, cultivated land, dry mudflat, dry barren / vacant land and turbid water increased with 324.93 km2 (23.21 km2/year), 749.44 km2 (53.53km2/year), 171.01 km2 (12.21 km2/year), 375.31 km2 (26.81 km2/year) and 59 km2 (4.21 km2/year) respectively during the period of 2000-2014. Due to plantation of mangroves in various creeks area by Sindh Forest and Wildlife Department, SCCP, IUCN, WWF etc in the year of 2009 to 2013. Cultivated land is increased after the flood of 2010 and 2013 in northern part of Indus delta. While dense mangrove, other vegetation, wet mudflat, wet barren/ vacant land and deep water are decreased with 12.99 km2 (0.93 km2/year), 280.58 km2 (20.04 km2/year), 290.54 km2 (20.75 km2/year), 844.59 km2 (60.33 km2/year) and 237.16 km2 (16.94 km2/year) respectively during 2000-2014. Some areas of other vegetation land are converted and add to some other area of cultivated land during 2000 to 2014. Similarly some other areas of wet mudflat and wet barren / vacant land are converted and add to some area of normal mangrove in southern part of Indus Delta. So many factors are affected on LULC of Indus Delta like Sea water intrusion, insufficient of freshwater below Kotri barrage; approximate one cyclone comes every year and more destruction along Sindh coast.
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