PJB-2018-335
Application of Trichoderma harzianum and essential oils as seed dressing against charcoal rot disease incidence of sunflower under field conditions
Nehal Samy El-Mougy
Abstract
The efficacy of the bioagent Trichoderma harzianum and some essential oils individually or based on CMC and Arabic gum carriers as seed dressing was evaluated against sunflower charcoal rot incidence under field conditions. Essential oils, Caraway, Bitter orange and Lavender were used in this study. Also, the fungicide Topsin-M (70% WP) was used as comparison treatment. Laboratory tests showed that the reduction in fungal mycelia growth increased significantly in parallel to the increase in concentrations of essential oils to reach its maximum at the highest concentration used. T. harzianum was found to be affecting negatively on the linear growth of M. phaseolina in dual culture test against T. harzianum. Under field conditions, the obtained results indicated that all applied treatments could reduce disease incidence. In this regards, T. harzianum recorded the best applied seed treatments that disease incidence at the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Seed dressing with essential oils proved to have high potential effect for reducing charcoal rot disease incidence under field conditions. Superior effect of lavender oil on disease incidence either alone or based on CMC and Arabic gum. These treatments followed by bitter orange and caraway oils compared with the fungicide and untreated control. The present findings demonstrate that application of biocontrol agents and essential oils on a commercial scale for controlling such diseases is promising. Considering their attribute and broad-spectrum activities as antifungal compounds they could have promise success as alternatives to conventional fungicides for the management of plant diseases.
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