PJB-2018-677
THE OCCURRENCES OF ANNUAL AND INTRA-ANNUAL RINGS OF KHASI PINES IN NORTHERN THAILAND RELATING TO METEOROLOGICAL RECORDS AND THE TWENTIETH-CENTURY CLIMATE RECONSTRUCTIONS
NATHSUDA PUMIJUMNONG
Abstract
In order to describe the fluctuation of climate in the current period back to the past and predict the changing in the future, the climate inducing annual and intra-annual ring formations in khasi pines (Pinus kesiya) growing in northern Thailand was investigated and the past climate was reconstructed. Annual ring boundaries and intra-annual rings from several khasi pines were identified by using the techniques of cross-matching and cross-dating. The results indicated that the annual growth was significantly affected by the mean temperature in April (r = -0.423) and total rainfall in March-April (r = 0.371). Fluctuations in the Equatorial Sea Surface Temperature (EQ_SST) during August-November of the previous year also significantly stimulated the growth of these khasi pines (r = 0.370). Regression analysis indicated that the maximum temperature influenced the formation of intra-annual rings and could explain 48.1% of the variance in the intra-annual rings. From a climate reconstruction of the 20th century, it was observed that the total rainfall during March-April experienced a decline from 68.1 mm in AD 1898 to 54.1 mm in AD 2015. The projected rainfall will be 48.1 mm in AD 2065, while the mean temperature in April gradually increased from 30.10 °C in AD 1898 to 30.45 °C in AD 2015 and will be continuously increased to 30.60 °C in AD 2065.
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