PJB-2018-678
Antimicrobial, antioxidant, brine shrimp lethality and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis of the oils of Desmodium podocarpum rhizome
Sadiq Azam
Abstract
The fixed oils have been wieldy used for antimicrobial, antiparasitic, viricidal, insecticidal and have cosmetic and medicinal applications. The oils of the higher plants are widely used in food, sanitary, agriculture and pharmaceutical industry, due to their easy availability and safety. The currents study was aimed to investigate the antimicrobial, antioxidant, brine shrimp lethality of the oils extracted from the rhizome of D. Podocarpum. Furthermore the oils were also analyzed through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify the different constituents. The oils showed good inhibitory effect (61.11%) against the Salmonella typhi, while other test bacteria were moderately inhibited; Escherichia coli (59.37%), Streptococcus pneumonia (57.87%) and Staphylococcus aureus (56%). The oils possessed moderate antifungal activity against Trichoderma harzianum (40%), low against Alternaria alternata (35%) while inactive against the remaining test fungal pathogens. The antioxidant potential of the oils was evaluated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) using ascorbic acid as a positive control and a concentration dependant activity was observed. The acute toxicity was calculated by using the brine shrimp assay and higher toxicity (60%) was observed at higher concentration. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 15 constituents with palmitic acid being the major (39%) component. The other constituents present in the extracted oils were; Linoleic acid (15.54%), Stearic acid (8.53%), Heptadecenoic acid (6.41%), Myristic acid (3.42%), Palmitoleac acid (2.84%), Tetracosanoic acid (2.44%), Docosanoic acid (1.84%), Margaric acid (1.74%), Pentadecanoic acid (1.48%), Eicosanoic acid (1.11%), Tricosanoic acid, (1.07%), Behenic acid (0.53%), Octadecadienoic acid, (0.29%) and Erucic acid (0.28%).
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