PJB-2018-901
GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF SOME LOCAL AND INTRODUCED GRAPES (VITIS VINIFERA L.) BY MICROSATELLITE MARKERS
Burçak İŞÇİ
Abstract
Turkey is an important area of crop origins including grapes. Grape cultivars have importance for breeding studies, because the genetic material use future grapevine improvement as a donor of valuable genes. The objectives of this study were the molecular characterization of twenty nine grape genotypes and the detection of the genetic relationships between the accessions. The genetic relationships of ancient and introduced cultivars have defined with six SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers, and 65 polymorphic bands and matrix correlation (r) was calculated 0.79 were identified. The frequency of alleles was registered for VrZAG79 – 255 (39.66%), VVMD27 – 243 (35.48%), VVMD5 – 230 (35.48%), VrZAG62 – 195 (32.76%), VVS2 – 133 (30.31%) and VVMD7 – 238-247 (18.97%). The expected heterozygosity (He) ranged from 0.783 (VrZAG62) to 0.869 (VVMD7) and the observed heterozygosity (Ho) from 0.483 (VrZAG62) to 0.897 (VVS2). Based on research results, ancient and introduced cultivars were separated two main cluster. The smaller main cluster included only one ancient cultivar – ‘Buca Razakısı’, separated from the other cluster. Foça Karası’ is an ancient cultivar in the big main group, is separated from other grapes varieties. The first subcluster (S1) formed by the mainly introduced cultivars, included three cultivars – ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, ‘Cabarnet Franc’ and ‘Merlot’. The second subcluster (S2) is the largest group, included nineteen cultivars – ‘Semillion’, ‘Alicante Boushet’, ‘Delbele’, ‘Çeşme Pembesi’, ‘Grenache’, ‘Öküzgözü’, ‘Petit Syrah’, ‘Papaz Karası’, ‘Colombard’, ‘Harsleleh’, ‘Moiseylative’, ‘Şika’, ‘Müşküle’, ‘Ohannes’, ‘Cinsaut’, ‘Kırmızı Şam’, ‘Kozak Gemresi’, ‘Siyah Gemre’, ‘Yuvarlak Razakı’. The third subcluster (S3) included four cultivars – ‘Cardinal’, ‘ Italia’, ‘Hafızali’ and ‘Malbee’. ‘Hafizali is a ancient cultivar and is included in this group. The fourth subcluster (S4) included only one ancient cultivar – ‘Pek Üzümü’. Based on the rates of similarities of cultivars included in the study, the highest rate was recorded for ‘Öküzgözü-Petit Syrah’ (93%) in the second subcluster (S2). The results reported here are important first steps towards better characterization of these grape genotypes and would aid future germplasm management and breeding efforts.
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