PJB-2018-1012
STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS WITH RESISTANCE TO RUST FUNGUSE (puccinia allii) IN IRANIAN GARLIC CLONES
Atefeh Anjomshoaa
Abstract
A better understanding of the relationship between the plant morphological and physiological traits with resistance to disease, may lead to implement a successful breeding program. Garlic rust is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of garlic in Tarom region at Zanjan province for which no resistant cultivar has been developed. In order to develop resistant cultivars it is important to figure out morphological and physiological features of resistance in local garlic clones to the fungal pathogen. In the present study we collected 12 different clones of garlic from different geographical origin in Iran. The clones were sown in Tarom region in a field trial under natural infection of the rust fungus process during two consecutive years(2014-2016). After 210 days, the reaction of the clones to the disease as well as the morphological features of the clones were evaluated. The results of analysis variance on morphological traits showed that a significant difference among the clones in terms of bulb weight, mean clove weight, number of bulb skin, number of cloves in the bulb, leaf temperature and the percentage of clove dry weight, nutrient uptake for N, P, K, Mn, and Zn at 1% probability level. The results of the infection frequency showed that the clones 'Gilvan1' and 'Lalejin' had the lowest percentage of infection and were identified as resistant clones to the rust disease. The results of the study showed a positive and significant correlation between the leaf temperature, photosynthesis, nitrogen and manganese uptake and percentage of leaf infection at 1% probability level. In addition, a negative and significant correlation was observed between traits such as transpiration rate, bulb weight, bulb diameter, number of bulb skins and type of bulb structure and rust infection frequency on the leaves at the probability level of 1%. The results of this study showed that garlic clones reacted differently to the rust fungus and are separated into resistant, semi resistant, semi-susceptible and susceptible clones. Keywords: Allium sativum L., Garlic rust, Morphological, Physiological
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