PJB-2018-1049
CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHOGENICITY VARIATIONS OF PHYTOPTHORA PALMIVORA ISOLATED FROM CACAO GROWN IN SOUTH SULAWESI
TUTIK KUSWINANTI
Abstract
Phytophthora palmivora is one important species causing pod rot on cacao. In this study, we evaluated the occurrence of strains in South Sulawesi through characterization of its morphology, genetic, and pathogenicity. Twenty one strains was isolated from Palopo, Gowa, and Pinrang regencies and observation based on form of colony in V8 medium, clamydospore, oogonia, antheridia sporangia, and papilla indicated that all were P. palmivora. As well, observation by using specific primer pair (Pal1s and Pal2a) and universal primer pair (ITS4 and ITS5) resulted a same band in size of 650 bp and 900 bp respectively for all twenty strains. However, test on cacao pod of Sulawesi 2 clone revealed that the selected ten strains varied in pathogenicity level. Five strains of P. palmivora including three from Pinrang were grouped as very pathogenic, four strain were pathogenic and only one strain was less pathogenic. These data showed the occurrence of different strain of P. palmivora in South Sulawesi that can be important for consideration of its control.
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