PJB-2019-307
RESIDUAL EFFECTS OF LONG-TERM LAND APPLICATION OF WASTEWATER TO EDIBLE PLANTS AND THEIR HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT.
Faiza Anwar
Abstract
The present study was carried out to access the transfer and accumulation of essential metals (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn) in different part of common vegetables (Fenugreek, Spinach, Radish) and crop (wild oat) irrigated on a land which has been under sewage irrigation from unknown time period and health problems caused by their consumption. The quantitative analysis through Flame Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer (Varian 220FS) showed considerable build-up of essential metals in vegetables. Translocation from shoot to leaves was found highest in fenugreek leaves with transfer factor of 2.492 followed by spinach, radish and wild oat respectively. Accumulation factor AF > 1 was recorded in spinach for all metals making it a hyper accumulator while the lowest AF for copper was found in wild oat’s leaf. The detrimental potential effects by consumption of these metals were also determined by calculating daily metal intake (DIM) and Target hazard quotient (THQ) values. DIM of most metals for men and women were under UL while iron concentration was found near to UL for children and adult. The combined THQ values for male and female was determined and concluded that they are below the safe level of THQ < 1 for all vegetables and wild oat. Two all-Pairwise Comparison test (Tukey HSD) were used and it was concluded from test that means are not significantly different from each other at P < 0.05. The vegetables were found to be safe for human consumption, but subjected to portion size as it can increase the per day limit described by joint FAO/WHO committee.
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