PJB-2019-826
Varied hybridization and introgression between Ligularia cymbulifera and L. tongolensis (Asteraceae) in four different locations
Jiao-Jun Yu
Abstract
Background and aims – There is an increasing number of studies on hybridization between closely related species. Introgressive hybridization between Ligularia cymbulifera and L. tongolensis have been confirmed in four sympatric localities. Whether different effects of hybridization and introgression exist in the four different localities has not been studied previously. Methods – Here, genetic structures of the hybrid swarms between L. cymbulifera and L. tongolensis in four locations were characterized using 11 microsatellite markers (SSRs). Key results – Bayesian-based STRUCTURE analysis detected two distinct clusters for putative hybrids and parental species, and 72.5% and 69.7% of the morphological individuals of L. cymbulifera and L. tongolensis were correctly assigned, respectively. A total of 74.5% of the putative hybrids had a membership coefficient to either of the parental species between 0.1 and 0.9, suggesting admixture between the parental species. Furthermore, a NewHybrids analysis suggested that most putative hybrids were certainly assigned as F2 or backcross and that there was extensive introgression between parental species. These SSR data thus provided convincing evidence for simultaneously extensive hybridization and introgression between the two species. Conclusions – Evidence from genetic clustering analysis and the hybrid category assignment approaches indicated that the outcomes of hybridization differed considerably among different localities between the two species depending on different habitat. In location Jiawa and Pachahai, the morphologically identification was mostly certainly assigned. However, in Desha and Xiaoxueshan, the morphemically identification of one parental species was certainly assigned, and identification of another parental species and putative hybrids were more uncertainly assigned.
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