PJB-2019-952
ALUMINUM TOXICITY IN RICE, IT’S ROLE IN GROWTH AND QUANTITATIVE TRAITS LOCI MAPPING, A REVIEW
Adnan Rasheed
Abstract
Rice growth on acidic soils is greatly affected by aluminum toxicity, causing threat to global food security. Rice is one of the main staple food of 50% of world population. Lot of mechanism of tolerance are adopted by rice, like physiological as well as molecular mechanism of defense to sustain its production. Here we described the toxic effects of aluminum on rice and the ways through which rice can grow best on acidic soils. Physiological mechanism of tolerance should be exploited to enhance rice tolerance to Al toxicity. Use of genes such as Nrat1, ART1, STAR1 and STAR2 should be analyzed to investigate their role in aluminum tolerance. This review provides a strong theoretical base to understand the aluminum toxicity tolerance mechanism in rice and to identify the QTLs mainly for seedling traits to develop tolerate varieties to increase rice production in future. We also discussed some positive effects of Al in rice growth, like increase root growth, decrease Mn toxicity, increase sugar, chlorophyll contents etc. Exact mechanism of Al tolerance in rice is still unknown. More studies should be done to unfold aluminum tolerance mechanism and to transfer the QTLs via MAS selection
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