PJB-2019-1030
Efficacy of Talaromyces flavus and Trichoderma spp. combined with diminished rates of dichloran against potato stem rot
Seyedmohammadreza Ojaghian
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of pimaricin against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causal agent of potato white mold. Field trials in 2016 and 2017 were conducted in Bahar and Lalehjin, Hamedan, Iran. The results showed that pimaricin was able to markedly decrease radial growth and sclerogenesis of three tested isolates of S. sclerotiorum. In addition, pimaricin significantly reduced myceliogenic and carpogenic germinations of sclerotia in three isolates. In this study, pimaricin at the concentration 200 mg L-1 was able to reduce the disease incidence during field trials which was as effective as the factory suggested rate of dichloran. The treatment with pimaricin enhanced relative conductivity of S. sclerotiorum mycelia over time compared with control. The concentration 2 mg L-1 increased the cell membrane permeability of mycelia more than the concentration 1 mg L-1 over 160 min. Moreover, an increase of carbohydrate leakage was observed in the pathogen mycelia incubated with pimaricin. The content of methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) markedly increased at 5 h and the highest MDA content was observed after 20 h. Due to exposure to pimaricin, a decrease percentage of catalase activity was observed in pathogen mycelia.
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