PJB-2020-124
SELECTION CRITERIA FOR YIELD IN SAFFLOWER (Charthamus tinctorius L.) GENOTYPES
Hasan KOÇ
Abstract
Abstract This research was conducted with 20 safflower genotypes for 3 years (2014-2016) in Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design with four replications. Relationships of yield with the other traits and genotype-trait relationships were investigated in safflower plants. As the average of three years, the greatest seed yield (SY) was obtained from genotype G5 (PI 451952) with 3150 kg ha-1. It was respectively followed by genotypes G4 (PI 525458) and G9 (PI 306686) with 3010 and 2970 kg ha-1. Among the standard cultivars, the greatest seed yield (2750 kg ha-1) was obtained from Dincer cultivar. The greatest oil content (OC) was obtained from the genotype G11 (PI 537665) with 36.5%. It was respectively followed by the genotypes G9 (PI 306686) (35.4%), G6 (PI 537598) (35.4%) and G14 (PI 560169) (35.3%). Oil contents varied between 29.1 - 36.5%. Yield-trait relationships were assessed through both correlation analysis and GT (Genotype by Trait) biplot analysis. Based on the results of two approaches, plant height (PH), number of branches (NB), number of heads (NH) and thousand seed weight (TSW) were identified as the most significant selection criteria for yield in safflower. On the other hand, while there were significant positive correlations between seed yield (SY) and head diameter (HD) in biplot graph, the relationships between these traits were not found to be significant in correlation analysis. Seed yield had insignificant correlations with number of days to flowering (NDF) in biplot analysis, but significant correlations at 5% level in correlation analysis. Combined use of correlation and biplot analysis in assessment of relationships between the traits improved the chance of success. While correlations analysis revealed information only about the relationships among the traits, biplot graph also offered practical and efficient assessment of strong and weak points of the genotypes. Key Words: Safflower, selection, GT (Genotype by Trait)-biplot, correlation, yield
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