PJB-2020-192
THE EFFECTS OF DROUGHT STRESS ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES IN SOME BREAD WHEAT VARIETIES (Tritucum aestivum L.)
Canan KOÇ
Abstract
As it is known, water is an essential and incomparable resource for all living organisms, from very complex to simple and single-celled life forms. The number of people living in the world is increasing day by day and the amount of water consumed per person increases accordingly. Grain groups including rice, corn, and especially wheat are important food crops for all people. Although wheat has wider growth conditions compared to other cereal products, it is an indispensable source of nutrients due to many vitamins and minerals such as high carbohydrate and protein in human nutrition. Drought affects wheat yield and quality to a great extent like other living things. When these conditions are taken into consideration, the drought tolerances of the plants used in the agricultural field become extremely important. Areas that can be used in agriculture in the world are affected by different stress factors. When these stress factors are examined, drought has the highest share with a rate of 26%, followed by mineral stress with 20% and cold and frost stress with 15%. The remaining 29% is affected by other stress factors. It is stated that only 10% of the total usable areas are not affected by any stress factor. In this study; 7 registered bread wheat (Tritucum aestivum L.) genotypes (GEREK 79, SULTAN, HAYMANA, GRK/CTY, T98-9, PASTÖR, PM ME1) and physiological changes under drought stress conditions were investigated. Drought stress applied plants; Polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), photosynthetic pigment, total protein, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation (malonyldialdehyde-MDA) and proline levels were determined. As a result of this study, Gerek 79 and Haymana genotypes which are the most physiologically sensitive to drought were determined from 7 different wheat genotypes. In addition, it was determined in this study that drought tolerance was higher in Pastör and Sultan genotypes compared to others.
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