A contribution to the palynological survey of the genus convolvulus from south west asia and Arabian
ABSTRACT:
Pollen morphology of 22 species of the genus convolvulus L. from S.W. asia and Arabian peninsula was carried out . pollen grains are mostly trizonocolpate , occasionally tetra or hexazonocolpate, prolate-spheroidal to oblate spheroidal

Micromorphological and phytochemical studies in two new endemic nepeta ( lamiaceae) species in yugoslavia
ABSTRACT:
With in nepeta sibthorpii-complex of the section pynonepeta bentham , two newly describes endemic species from yugosalvia viz., N. rtanjensis diklic and milojevic and N. ernesti-mayeri diklic and nikolic were examined for nutlet sculpluring and leaf indumentum 9SEM) and leaf flavonoid glycosides . significance of microcharacters and flavonoids glycosides composition as taxonomic markers in hese two species are discussed.

Seed morphological studies of some common plants of karachi
ABSTRACT:
Seed morphology of 78 species , belonging to 62 genera , distributed in 28 families have been studied . these investigations involve the study of shape , colour, surface and position of hilum and lens , size , weight and number of seeds/fruits . seed surface have been studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Chromosome numbers in papilionaceae from Pakistan.
ABSTRACT:
Thirty one meiotic counts are reported for 13 species of papilionaceae from Pakistan. Counts for 2 species viz., rhynchosia capitata)heyme ex roth)DC., and vigna trilobata (L) verde , are new to flora of

Heterosis , heritability and genetic advance in vigna radiate (L.) wilczek
ABSTRACT:
Heherosis , heritability estimates , genetic advance and dominance estimates were calculated in 7 crosses of mungbean (vigna radiate(l.) WILCZEK) involving 7 parents of which 5 were local and 2 exotic. Varying degrees of variances were observed for 6 characters in 7 crosses . the cross combination viz., NCM 5x type- 77 and NM13-1 x type -77 exhibited high heterotic efforts in either generations and high heritability estimates alongwith high genetic advance for yield and its components . it was concluded that the simple selection should be followed carefully in large segregating populations of these two cross combinations to find out the transgressive segregants for effective mungbean improvement.

Heritability , genetic advance and dominance estimates of yield and its components in chickpea (cicer arietinum L.)
ABSTRACT:
The broad sense heritability , expected genetic advance and dominance estimates for days to 50 % flowering , plant, primary branches , pods per palnt, seeds per plant, 100 seed weight and grain yield per plant were studied in seven crosses of chickpea (cicer arietinum L.). all the characters were quantitatively inherited with varying degrees. For improvement in plant height and seeds per plant , bulk population method was suggested while for the improvement of days to 50% flowering , primary branches , pods per plant, 100 seed weight and

Expression pf heterosis for horticulture traits in raphanus sativus L.
ABSTRACT:
The heterosis in horticulture traits was studied in four varieties viz., long white , red long, red round and sparkler of raphanus sativus L. generally all F1 hybrids exhibited heterosis over mind parent with respect to length , breadth and weight of lesves and length diameter and weight of roots. The cross between long white and red long is better than superior parent in length and weight of leaves and length, weight and diameter of roots. Another cross between long white and sparkler its reciprocal appear better for breadth of leaves. Moreover, six hybrids outyielded the better parents, a positive and significant correlation was observed between foliage weight and root diameter , leaf index and root diameter and foliage weight and root weight. This study shows that the gene responsible for different horticulture traits exhibits dominance and heterosis breeding is advantageous for the improvement of horticulture traits of R sativus L. correlation analysis indicated that desirable plants could be selected at the vegetative stage.

Effect of potassium naphthenate on auxin transport in zea mays L.
ABSTRACT:
Potassium naphthenate affected germination of zea mays seeds more adversely than seeding growth . coleoptile length was independent of IAA absorption but directly related to its translocation.

Effect of naphthaleneacetic acic on the fruit yield of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill)
ABSTRACT:
The effect of foliar sprays of naphthaleneacetic acid (-NAA) . 5.10. 15. 20 and 25 ppm at the time of 50% flowering on T-10, summer giant and Roma VF tomato varieties was investigated . the yields in all the three cultivars significantly increased with increasing concentrations but summer giant gave the highest yield and number of fruits at 25 ppm NAA treatment . the increase in yield was due to an increase in the number of fruits remained and not due to increase in fruit size.

Effect of wild plant residues on the germination and seedling growth of wheat cultivars.
ABSTRACT:
The effect of withania somnifera , A indicum , A leptopus and P. glandulosa residues on germination and seedling growth of wheat cultivars was examined . there was no inhibitory effect of plant residues on seed germination . P. glandulosa residues significantly inhibited shoot and root growth . root growth was affected more than shoot growth . residues of W. somnifera , A. indicum ans A. leptopus showed similar inhibitory effects on seedling growth of wheat.

Effect of indole- 30acetic acid and kinetin on germination seedling growth and some biochemical constituents in
ABSTRACT:
Effect of ibdole-3-acetic acid and kinetin were studied on the germination seedling growth and some biochemical constituents of chick-pea seeds irradiated with 0.2 and 0.7 kgy gamma rays . exposure to gamma rays significantly inhibited germination and seedling growth . combined application of IAA

Effects of saline water irrigation on growth and mineral distribution in guar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) taub.)
ABSTRACT:
Growth and mineral distribution of a local strain of sugar (cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) taub.) were investigated in relation to salinity. Growth in terms of height and dry matter of different plants parts decreased significantly under salinity. Threshold Ec inducing 50% reduction in seed production was 5.76dS.m-4. Net reproductive effort of the plants treated with 30% sea water was 10.85% , as compared to 27.32% in control . salinity decreased number of pods and seeds per plant , whereas , number of seeds per pod were unaffected and averaged around 7-8 seeds . distribution of seeds among pods was leptokurtic in all the cases but with salinity variance increased and distribution tended to be more negatively skewed . absorption of Na+ and K + increased with salinity , wheras K+ declined at high salinity . absorption of these ions was almost equal at 20% sea water treatment . Ca-absorption although declined with salinity , Mg++

Seed-borne mycoflora of capsicum annuum L.
ABSTRACT:
Seed-borne mycoflora of capsicum from 30 countries was examined . seed samples from Pakistan, turkey, india, Nigeria and Ghana showed maximum infection of fungi viz., alternaria alternate , colletotricum capsici , fusarium moniliforme ,F . semitectum , F.solani , F. eqyuiseti , F.oxysporum , phoma capsici , verticillium albo-atrum and myrothecium roridum alomgwith certain unidentified yeast and bacteria. Of these, F.moniliforme and A. alternate were predominant. Other fungi isolated were alternaria solani, ascochyta capsici, botrytis cinerea , colletotricum gloeosporioides , cercospora capsici, macrophomina phaseolina and myro thecium verrucaria . in pathogenicity tests F. monoliforme , F. solani and F. oxysporum caused seed rot and wilting of capsicum seedlings.

eed borne fungi associated with seed lots of different paddy cultivars in Pakistan.
ABSTRACT:
Using ISTA techniques , 198 seed samples of rice collected from various localities of Pakistan were tested. Important pathogens isolated were drechslera oryzae , fusarium monoliforme , pyricularia oryzae , trichoconiella padwickii , curvularia lunata. Presence of

Distribution of stripe rust virulences of wheat and varietal response in pakistan
ABSTRACT:
The didtribution of puccinia striiformis tritici virulences prevalent in nature in the stripe rust zones of the Punjab, north western frontier and Baluchistan during the period 1986-88 is described , high virulsences was observed in Punjab and NWFP on differentials carrying stripe rust resistance genes yr1,yr2, yr6, yr7 and yrA. Similarly pattern of high virulsences was observed on commercial cultivars carrying stripe rust resistance genes yr2, yr6, yr7 and yrA. No virulence was observed in Baluchistan on either the differential hosts or any commercial cultivars except local white which is not known to carry any resistance to stripe rust. Similarly virulence against host genes yr3, yr4, yr5, yr8, yr9. Yr10, yrSu and yr15 was also not found.

Effect of crop rotation on the population and viability of sclerotia of sclerotium oryzae, the cause of stem rot of rice.
ABSTRACT:
The effect of various cropping pattern on the population and viability of sclerotia of sclerotium oryzae was examined. Reduction in population and viability of sclerotia was observed in soil cropped under rice-luceme-rice (91 and 97%), rice- wheat-mung-rice (94 and 87%). Followed by rice-wet-fallow-rice (88 and 97%), rice- mustard-rice (89 and 76%), and rice- wheat—rice(82 and 73%) rotations with

Separation of tomato yellow top virus and beet western yellows virus from doubly infected plants.
ABSTRACT:
The efficiency of double antibody sandwitch (DAS) form of ELISA and the differences in transmission behavior of two closely related persistant phloem restricted circulatively aphid transmitted viruses , tomato yellow top virus and beet western yellow virus , was evaluated for the separation of single virion from mixed infection. Both viruses were successfully separated from doubly infected plants on account of extreme specificity, complete absence of heterologous reactivity and sensitivity of this technique.

Development of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for potato virus x in pakistan
ABSTRACT:
Potato virus X (PVX) was purified In substancial quantities and used for the production od antiserum with a homologous titre of 1:256 in double immunodiffusion test. Immunoglobulins (IgG) were separated from the antiserum , conjugatd with alkaline phosphatase and ELISA kit was prepared localy at a much cheaper cost (<50%) than the imported one . appropriate conditions for specific reactions i.e. dilutions, incubation time and precipitation were determined . the results were highly comparable and large number of potato samples tested aginst PVX with great rapidly and sensitivity.

Comparative study of some nitrogen- fixing blue-green
ABSTRACT:
Naturally growing blue-green lagal samples collected from multan were cultured in nitrogen free medium and of

Phycochemical studies on fatty acid composition in caulerpa (bryosidophyceae).
ABSTRACT:
Four green sea weds , caulerpa faridii nizamuddin , C. racemosa (forsskal) J. agardh , C. scalpelliformis(R.brown) C. agardh and C. taxifolia (Vahl) C. agardh , collected from buleji near Karachi were investigated .phycochemically by gas chromatography –mass spectrometry . saturated fatty acids were more (81.3- 93.0%) than unsaturated ones with palmitic acid as the major component (76.8-87.9%) . oleic was the most commonly occurring unsaturated acid (2.5-4.5%) with diethenoides found in small quantity (1.8-3.7%). C. taxifolia differed in its fatty acid composition with other species.

Tree-ring chronologies of abies pindrow (royle) spach, from Himalayan region of pakistan
ABSTRACT:
Dendrochronological methods wee applied to three abies pindrow stands in northern Pakistan, and dated chronologies with maximum period from 1750 to 1987 AD were obtained. Sample and chronology statistics are discussed . these chronologies show from 22 to 41 % chronology variance ( Y in ANOVA;due to