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Year 1997 , Volume  28, Issue 1
Move your mouse curser on the title to view the abstract of the paper
S.No. Title Authors Pages Download
1
THE GENUS SIBBALDIA (ROSACEAE)
MUHAMMAD TAHIR M. RAJPUT*, SYEDA SALEHA TAHIR*, S.Z. HUSSAIN** AND S.A. SPONGBERG

THE GENUS SIBBALDIA (ROSACEAE)
ABSTRACT:
A monographic study of the genus Sibbaldia (Rosaceae) is carried out. A total of 10 species are recognized of which 9 are dominantly Asian species whereas 1 species (Sibbaldia procumbens) is distributed in Asia, Europe and North America. Taxonomic criterion, key to the closely related genera and species along with distribution, ecological notes, speciemen citation, synonyms and nomenclatural notes are also given.

1-38 Download
2
POLLEN FLORA OF PAKISTAN - VII. NEURADACEAE
ANJUM PERVEEN AND M. QAISER

POLLEN FLORA OF PAKISTAN - VII. NEURADACEAE
ABSTRACT:
Pollen morphology of the family Neuradaceae has been examined from Pakistan by light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen grains are generally heteropolar, oblate, 3-aperturate with reticulate tectum.

39-42 Download
3
XYWTOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF CONIFEROUS WOODS FROM PAKISTAN
A. MAHMOOD AND M. ATHAR

XYWTOMIC INVESTIGATIONS OF CONIFEROUS WOODS FROM PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Anatomical features of wood of 15 coniferous species viz., Abies pindrow Royle., Cedrus deodara (Rex. ex Lamb.) G. Don., Cupressus arizonica Greene., C. funebris Endl., C. sempervirens L., C. torulosa D. Don., Juniperus polycarpos C. Koch., Araucaria cookii R.Br., Pinus gerardiana Wall. ex Lamb., P. halepensis Mill., P. roxburghii Sargent., Picea smithiana (Wall) Boiss; P. wallichiana A.B. Jackson; Taxus baccata Zucc., and Thuja orientalis L.. have been described. Wood characteristics such as variation in growth rings, thickness of early wood and late wood tracheids, presence or absence of parenchyma and its distribution, characteristics of rays and nature and distribution of resin canals in the wood have been presented.

43-73 Download
4
ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RAWDHAT SYSTEM IN SAUDI ARABIA I-RAWDHAT KHORIM
M.M. AL-FARRAJ, A. AL-FARHAN AND M. AL-YEMENI

ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RAWDHAT SYSTEM IN SAUDI ARABIA I-RAWDHAT KHORIM
ABSTRACT:
A broad vegetation analysis has been carried out in one of the prominent Rawdhats (Rawdhat Khorim) in the Central region of Saudi Arabia. The vegetation of the study site which is protected from off road traffic is unusually rich, compared to the surrounding areas, with the influence from the sand dunes on one side and calcareous desert on the other side. The study showed that the silt basin is dominated by ephemerals and their distribution and density varies each year, depending on the amount of rain fall. The perennial vegetation. represented by few stands, constitutes less than 10% of the total vegetation cover. An inventory of 112 species. consisting of 4 life forms (trees, shrubs, perennial herbs and annual herbs) alongwith the ecological and meteorological data have been provided. Qudrat studies have also been coonducted on 8 transect lines to verify the average abundance, frequency and density of each species.

75-88 Download
5
EVALUATION OF PRIMARY YIELD TRAITS IN WHEAT AT SIX ENVIRONMENTS
M.A. SHAHID AND G. KABIR

EVALUATION OF PRIMARY YIELD TRAITS IN WHEAT AT SIX ENVIRONMENTS
ABSTRACT:
The magnitude of genotype-environment interaction and the stability parameters of 21 F6 Near Isogeneic Lines (NILs) of wheat developed from 4 indigenous inbred lines and 2 exotic lines were estimated over 6 seeding dates for 5 morphological yield traits. The NILs were considered as different genotypes and the seeding dates were treated as different environments. Highly sigilificant GE interaction alongwith their significant linear component for all the traits, except the grains/ear and grain yield/plant, predicted the feasibility of the genotypes under different environments. Linear relationship with the environment was found to be predominant in most of the cases compared to that of non-linear relationship. For the estimation of stability parameters the genotypes 10-12 and 16 for SE 3, 10 and 11 for GE and GY proved to be most stable and suitable performer in any environment and couJd be used for future breeding programme. On the other hand. the genotypes 7, 17 and 18 for most of the traits would be stable and suitable performer under unfavourable environments. Thus, the yield potency might be increased by developing the stable and good performer with either specific or general photothermal adaptation under adverse environments.

89-95 Download
6
HERITABILITY ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND QUALITY COMPONENTS IN GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.
A.S. LARIK, S.R. ANSARI AND M.B. KUMBHAR

HERITABILITY ANALYSIS OF YIELD AND QUALITY COMPONENTS IN GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.
ABSTRACT:
Studies on genotypic and phenotypic variance, heritability and expected genetic advance for G.O.T. %, staple length, lint index, fibre strength, fibre fineness and seed cotton yield in 10 genotypes of Gossypium hirsutum L, indicated that these estimates varied considerably within traits studied. The magnitude of genetic and phenotypic variance ranged between 0.032 (fibre fineness) to 407.34 (seed cotton yield). Heritability in broad sense showed high estimates (ranging from 89.75 % to 99.74%) for all the characters, indicating the involvement of additive type of gene action. G.O.T %, staple length and fibre fineness exhibited low genetic advances irrespective of their high heritability estimates, probably due to non-additive gene (dominance and epistasis) effects.

97-101 Download
7
AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MAIZE TO WATER STRESS
MUHAMMAD SAEED, MUHAMMAD TAHIR MASOOD, MUHAMMAD BASHIR GILL AND MEHBOOB AKHTAR

AGRO-MORPHOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MAIZE TO WATER STRESS
ABSTRACT:
Agro-morphological response of two maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars viz., Neelum and Akbar to water stress at their different development stages was studied at the agronomic research area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Each cultivar was subjected to water suess either throughout vegetative development, throughout reproductive development or during tasseling and silking only. Water suess enhanced plant maturity and plant sterility substantially compared to control but decreased significantly crop growth rate, number of fertile plants m-2, cobs plant-1, grains cob-1, l000-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index. Water stress during vegetative development delayed tasseling and silking significantly. Both maize cultivars were statistically similar to each other in all parameters except grain yield and harvest index which Were significantly greater in Neelum than Akbar. Neelum grown without water stress produced maximum grain yield of 5.74 t ha-1, while Akbar subjected to water stress throughout vegetative development gave the minimum of 2.96 t ha-1

103-111 Download
8
ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE IN SEEDS, ROOTS AND LEAVES IOF COTTON AND SOYBEAN AT OPTIMAL AND SUPEROPTIMAL TEMPERATURES
MUMTAZ ALl SETHAR, GHULAM MUSTAFA LUND, VAJANTI MALA, IRFANA PERVEEN BHATTI AND QAMARUDDIN CHACHAR

ELECTROLYTE LEAKAGE IN SEEDS, ROOTS AND LEAVES IOF COTTON AND SOYBEAN AT OPTIMAL AND SUPEROPTIMAL TEMPERATURES
ABSTRACT:
Leaves, roots and seeds of soybean and cotton were subjected to a series of temperature stress of 30, 34,38, 42, 46 and 50°C to measure the ion efflux from the cell. Soybean leaves leaked more electrolytes at 313 µS/cm than cotton leaves which recorded the electrical conductivity of 143 µS/cm at 50°C. Below the stress at 42°C relatively less ions were effluxed as compared to 42°C or above where severe damage to cell membrane occurred and more than 50% electrolytes leaked from leaves, seeds and roots of both crop plants.

113-117 Download
9
GROWTH RHYTHMS OF LINSEED (LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.)
FAYYAZ-UL-HASSAN SAID, MALCOLM H. LEITCH* AND SHAHBAZ AHMAD

GROWTH RHYTHMS OF LINSEED (LINUM USITATISSIMUM L.)
ABSTRACT:
A field experiment was conducted at the Marfa Mwar field station, Univesity of Wales Aberystwyth, UK. on a sandy loam soil during 1993 to evaluate the seed density and row spacing effects on the growth rhythms of linseed cv. Antares. The treatments comprised of four seeding densities (250, 500, 750 and 1000 seeds/m2) and three row spacings (12, 15, and 20 cm). Crop growth rate (CGR) was not affected by seed density during early growth period, while lower seed density gave higher CGR later in the season. A progressive reduction in relative growth rate (RGR) was observed with the age of the crop, giving the lowest values during maturity. A higher net assimilation rate (NAR) was observed with lower desnities, however the magnitude of difference was smaller at later growth stages. Row spacing effects and interactions remained statistically non-significant.

119-123 Download
10
GROWTH RELATIONSHIPS OF MUSTARD UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITIONS
A. MAJID AND G.M. SIMPSON*

GROWTH RELATIONSHIPS OF MUSTARD UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITIONS
ABSTRACT:
Growth srudy of mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. cutlass) was srudied under (triple, double and single) irrigation regimes and dry conditioned treatment in the field during 1991 and 1992. In triple application treatment, water was applied at 10% flowering, pod formation and ripening @ 5-hectare centimetres per application in the double application, water was applied at 10 % . flowering and pod formation @ ,5- and 10hectare centimetres, respectively and in single irrigation at 10% flowering @ 15-hectare centimetres. Above ground plant material harvested at 7-day intervals showed a substantial increase in the amount and distribution of dry matter of the plant, panicularly in triple-irrigation treatment. Leaf-area index (LAI) reached a maximum just after the stan of flowering and then declined. Triple application increased leaf and pod areas in maximizing crop-growth rate (CGR) which increased to a maximum near early flowering and then declined. Changes in net-assimilation rate (NAR) during the life cycle were associated with concomitant changes in CGR. The contribution of assimilates from leaves during the seed ripening was related to leaf-area duration (LAD) which was strongly affected by water supply. Triple application enhanced NAR, improved leaf and pod areas during seed development.

125-134 Download
11
SUSTAINED MULTIPLICATION OF LONG TERM EMBRYOGENIC CULTURES OF DATE PALM AND THEIR FIELD PERFORMANCE
AZRA QURAISHI, IQBAL HUSSAIN, MUSHTAQ AHMED HAMID RASHID AND. MUHAMMAD LATIF

SUSTAINED MULTIPLICATION OF LONG TERM EMBRYOGENIC CULTURES OF DATE PALM AND THEIR FIELD PERFORMANCE
ABSTRACT:
Sustained embryogenesis in data palm (Phoenix dactylifera L. cv. Dhakki) were induced which were then induced to form plants. These plants after acclimatization were transferred to field in D.I. Khan where they have shown good perfonnance.

135-141 Download
12
IN VITRO CULTURE OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC BANANA CLONES FOR MAXIMISING MULTIPLICATION
ARDULLAH KHATRI, IMTIAZ AHMED KHAN, SHAMIM H. SIDDIQUI, MAQBOOL AHMAD AND K.A. SIDDIQUI

IN VITRO CULTURE OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC BANANA CLONES FOR MAXIMISING MULTIPLICATION
ABSTRACT:
Meristematic tip with two pairs of leaf primordia from 5 clones of dessert banana (Musa spp.) viz., GN60A, SH3362, William, Highgate and Basrai were evaluated for in-vitro propagation. Rapid shoot proliferation cultures were established in MS medium with 20 mu M BAP. Clone GN60A produced highest tillers followed by clone SH3362, with lowest number of tillers produced by Clone Basrai. Shoots were easily rooted on MS medium with 4% sucrose. Oxidation of phenolic compounds was controlled by addition of 40 mg/l cystein HCl.

143-150 Download
13
FRESH WATER RED ALGAE IN WATER EFFLUENTS OF THERMAL POWER HOUSE AT JAMSHORO, SINDH, PAKISTAN
S.M. LEGHARI, G.N. SAIDTO, A. HAYEE-MEMON, M.Y. KHUHAWAR* AND G.M. MASTOI

FRESH WATER RED ALGAE IN WATER EFFLUENTS OF THERMAL POWER HOUSE AT JAMSHORO, SINDH, PAKISTAN
ABSTRACT:
Five species of fresh water red algae viz., Audouinella hermannii Roth, Barrachospermum cf. arcuartum Kylin; Compsopogon coeruleus (Balbis) Montagne; Composopogon cf. prolijicus Yadava et Kumano and Thorea hispida Desvaux were found growing in the water effluents of a thermal power house located at Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan. Of these A. hermannii and C. coeruleus were found preponderant during January and April.

151-160 Download
14
DETECTION OF BIODIVERSITY IN XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS PV CITRI
M. AFZAL AKHTAR, M.H. RAHBER BHATI AND M. ASLAM

DETECTION OF BIODIVERSITY IN XANTHOMONAS CAMPESTRIS PV CITRI
ABSTRACT:
Biodiversity among 25 strains of Xilnthomonas campestris pv cirri isolated from different localities of Pakistan was distinguished through Immunodiffusion tests. Two serovars were detected based on the presence of a sharp band or faint band in gel diffusion plates. Antisera XC.91 and XC-93 formed a very strong precipitin band with strain XC-58, XC-91, XC-93, XC-lOO, XC-1O1, XC-105, XC-107, XC-114 and XC-125 with a faint band with XC-92, XC-94, XC95, XC-96, XC-1O2, XC-103, XC-1O6, XC-1O9, XC-11O, XCIll, XC-I13, XC-115 and XC-12l. Three strains viz., XC-97, XC-98 and XC-99 did not give any reaction against either of the two antisera and thus appeared to be non specific.

161-166 Download
15
LOCATION OF FUNGI IN ALMOND (PRUNUS AMYGDALUS) SEED
ZAKIA BILGRAMI AND ABDUL GHAFFAR

LOCATION OF FUNGI IN ALMOND (PRUNUS AMYGDALUS) SEED
ABSTRACT:
Using component plating technique, 7 genera and 16 species of fungi were isolated from almond seeds collected from different localities of Pakistan. Most of the fungi were located on seed coat followed by cotyledons, shell and axis. The cotyledons were more infected by Fusarium moniliforme and Aspergillus flavus. Surface disinfection reduced the infection of Aspergillus spp., with increase in Alternaria sp. Component plating technique could be used to determine the depth of infection and the suitability of dry fruits for human consumption.

167-170 Download
16
IN-VITRO GERMINATION OF TELIOSPORES OF TILLETIA INDICA MITRA, THE CAUSE OF PARTIAL BUNT OF WHEAT
S.A. JAMIL KHAN, M. JALALUDDIN* AND A. GHAFFAR

IN-VITRO GERMINATION OF TELIOSPORES OF TILLETIA INDICA MITRA, THE CAUSE OF PARTIAL BUNT OF WHEAT
ABSTRACT:
Karnal or partial bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia indica Mitra (Syn. Neovossia indica (Mitra) Mundkur) is an important disease of wheat in the Punjab and North West Frontier Province of Pakistan, where an incidence of 2-10% and upto 20% in some fields has been reported (Khan et al., 1992) as compared to 89% in some wheat samples from India (Joshi et al., 1983). The disease is transmitted through air borne inoculum (Bedi et al., 1963). Freshly collected teliospores due to their dormant state has either shown no germination (Mitra, 1935) or low % of germination (Bansal et al., 1983) with highest germination in one year old teliospores (Mathur & Ram, 1963). In the present study, germination of the teliospores were tested on different media in order to produce sporidia in culture which could be used for artificial inoculation of wheat germplasm for testing their resistance potential against partial bunt of wheat.

171-172 Download
17
OCCURRENCE OF COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS (CLCuV) IN SINDH
SAIF KHALID, MANZOOR H. SOOMRO* AND IFTIKHAR AHMAD

OCCURRENCE OF COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS (CLCuV) IN SINDH
ABSTRACT:
The leaf curl disease of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was first observed in Pakistan during 1967 from Multan area. The disease remained in low intensities or was ignored until 1987 when it erupted as an epidemic. The cause of the disease was established in 1992 as a whitefly-transmitted geminivirus with the properties of cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) (Hameed et al., 1994). On the basis of departmental reports, the disease was found to be restricted only in the Punjab area and the cotton crop in Sindh was considered disease free. Keeping in view the magnitude of the disease in Punjab and whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) as its vector, a program of monitoring virus diseases with emphasis on geminiviruses including CLCuV in Sindh was initiated in late 1996. Hyderabad, Sanghar and Nawabshlj.h districts were surveyed during September, 1996 and the districts of Ghotki, Sukkur, Khairpur and Naushehro Feroze during January, 1997. CLCuV-like symptoms showing curling, cupping upward/downward and shortening of leaves, thickening of veins and development of enations on underside of leaves were observed in cotton fields around Obaro in district Ghotki, the area not far from Punjab border, where the disease incidence in two fields was about 10%. According to local farmers, such symptoms in cotton were also observed during the 1995 season also. Disease symptoms were also observed on other wild and ornamental plants around Mirpur Mathelo and Ghotki.

173-174 Download
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